chore(docker): pin Node.js base images to 24.22.1 - #1897

Node.js 20 is deprecated. The following actions target Node.js 20 but are being forced to run on Node.js 24: actions/checkout@v4, actions/upload-artifact@v4, docker/metadata-action@v5. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/