Add Windows support with C++17 and Python 3.12 in build matrix.

[NickM83]

• Adds support for Python 3.12 across Linux, macOS, and Windows
• Introduces a Windows build job with C++17 support to ensure compatibility
• Updates the GitHub Actions workflow to build and test Python 3.12 wheels on all platforms

[NickM83]

• Adds support for Python 3.12 across Linux, macOS, and Windows
• Introduces a Windows build job with C++17 support to ensure compatibility
• Updates the GitHub Actions workflow to build and test Python 3.12 wheels on all platforms

Encountered the following issues during the build from todays build:

• Installing packages in isolated environment:
  • setuptools >= 40.8.0
• Getting build dependencies for sdist...
• Building sdist...
• Building wheel from sdist
• Creating isolated environment: venv+pip...
• Installing packages in isolated environment:
  • setuptools >= 40.8.0
• Getting build dependencies for wheel...
• Building wheel...
  Testing for std::tr1::shared_ptr...
  test_std_tr1_shared_ptr.cpp
  test_std_tr1_shared_ptr.cpp(1): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'tr1/memory': No such file or directory
  ...not found
  Testing for std::shared_ptr...
  cl : Command line warning D9002 : ignoring unknown option '-std=c++0x'
  test_std_shared_ptr.cpp
  ...found
  Testing for std::unique_ptr...
  cl : Command line warning D9002 : ignoring unknown option '-std=c++0x'
  test_std_unique_ptr.cpp
  c1xx: fatal error C1083: Cannot open source file: 'test_std_unique_ptr.cpp': No such file or directory
  ...not found
  cl : Command line error D8021 : invalid numeric argument '/Wno-deprecated'
  error: command 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.41.34120\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2