feat: Instrument garbage collection

[sentrivana]

TODO: The new attributes need to be added to the conventions.

Closes #8025

[github-actions]

Coverage Results 📊

✅ 133881 passed | ⏭️ 7344 skipped | Total: 141225 | Pass Rate: 94.8% | Execution Time: 458m 17s

📊 Comparison with Base Branch

Metric	Change
Total Tests	📈 +283
Passed Tests	📈 +215
Failed Tests	—
Skipped Tests	📈 +68

All tests are passing successfully.

✅ Patch coverage is 100.00% (62 of 62 changed executable lines covered; target 80%).
Project statement coverage is 90.26% (unchanged from base (c96bbef) to head (e7ebe91)).

Changed files with executable lines (2)

File	Patch coverage	Changed executable lines
sentry_sdk/integrations/gc.py	100.00%	55/55 covered; partial branches: 62
sentry_sdk/consts.py	100.00%	7/7 covered

Coverage diff

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##        master     #8030       +/-##
==========================================
  Coverage    90.26%    90.26%        —%
==========================================
  Files          202       203        +1
  Tracked lines     26660     26722       +62
  Branches      9926      9942       +16
==========================================
+ Hits         24063     24119       +56
- Misses        2597      2603        +6
  Partials      1510      1510         —

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