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ZeRO-3: take the AutoTP shard from universal checkpoints converted without TP - #9069

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Achyuthan-S:zero3-uc-plain-tensor-autotp
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Achyuthan-S:zero3-uc-plain-tensor-autotp

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@Achyuthan-S

@Achyuthan-S Achyuthan-S commented Nov 12, 2026 •

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A ZeRO-3 checkpoint saved without TP can't be resumed in an AutoTP + ZeRO-3 run through the universal checkpoint.

Why

ds_to_universal writes each state of a ZeRO-3 checkpoint saved without TP as a bare tensor (merge_zero3_slices); every other path writes a dict with the tensor under param. DeepSpeedZeroOptimizer_Stage3.load_hp_checkpoint_state takes the AutoTP shard only when the file holds a dict. With a bare tensor it partitions the whole weight as if it were this rank's TP shard, and the copy into the flat buffer fails:

RuntimeError: start (272) + length (256) exceeds dimension size (280).

_resolve_autotp_partition cuts the shard using the target parameter's AutoTP metadata and the loaded tensor, and never reads the dict, so the check isn't needed.

What

The target parameter alone decides whether to slice (if param is not None:). Checkpoints converted before this keep loading, since the loader accepts both formats as before.

Whether every conversion path should write the same format is left for later, as discussed with @delock: the loader would still have to accept bare tensors from checkpoints that were already converted.

No open PR touches this check (searched for load_hp_checkpoint_state and ZeRO-3 universal AutoTP; #8848 changes the converter, not stage3.py).

Test

TestZero3UniversalCheckpointWithoutTp in test_autotp_uc_checkpoint.py trains 4 steps under ZeRO-3 without TP, converts, and loads into ZeRO-3 at TP1 and at AutoTP TP2. It compares the fp32 weights, both Adam moments and the step counts with the saved state bit for bit, since conversion and restore only copy. On master the TP2 case fails with the error above; the TP1 case passes before and after. _affine_resume_engine gains a zero_stage argument (default 1) so the test reuses the existing resume model and helpers.

Validation

  • GPU, 4× A100-SXM4-40GB, driver 595.71.05, torch 2.12.1+cu130, NCCL 2.29.7, Python 3.12.11, pytest --forked tests/unit/checkpoint/test_autotp_uc_checkpoint.py tests/unit/checkpoint/test_universal_checkpoint.py tests/unit/checkpoint/test_autoep_affine_universal.py: 217 passed with the fix. With only the stage3.py change reverted, the new TP2 case fails with the error above and the TP1 case passes.
  • CPU, macOS arm64, Python 3.9.6, torch 2.8.0, gloo (DS_ACCELERATOR=cpu LOCAL_SIZE=4): the same result for the new test, before and after. The FusedAdam tests in these files can't build the op on macOS, so they ran on GPU only.
  • Qwen3-0.6B, bf16, the same 4× A100 node type and software, DP4 → TP2×DP2 → DP4 under ZeRO-3, 20 steps per layout. Each change saves, runs ds_to_universal and loads in the new layout, then compares every fp32 weight and both Adam moments with the saved state bit for bit. On master the TP2×DP2 load fails with start (187907840) + length (1048576) exceeds dimension size (187924480); with the fix both changes restore all 930 tensors bit for bit.
  • pre-commit passes on the changed files.

Checked and not changed

  • ZeRO-1/2 (universal_checkpoint.load_hp_checkpoint_state) reads ckpt_dict[PARAM] unconditionally, but stage 1/2 conversion always writes the dict, and a ZeRO-3 universal checkpoint doesn't reach that loader today: a ZeRO-1 engine looks for mp_rank_00_model_states.pt, while the converted ZeRO-3 folder has zero_pp_rank_0_mp_rank_00_model_states.pt, so the load stops in state_dict_factory.check_ckpt_list.
  • The AutoEP branch above this check is unchanged.

Validated: ZeRO-3 without offload; fp32 (the unit test) and bf16 (Qwen3-0.6B); TP1 → TP1, TP1 → TP2, and DP4 → TP2×DP2 → DP4. Not validated: CPU or NVMe offload, fp16, pipeline parallelism.

…thout TP

ds_to_universal writes each state of a ZeRO-3 checkpoint saved without TP as a bare tensor, while every other path writes a dict. The ZeRO-3 loader resolved the AutoTP shard only for a dict, so loading such a checkpoint into an AutoTP run partitioned the whole weight and failed. _resolve_autotp_partition reads only the target parameter's metadata and the loaded tensor, so let the target decide.

Signed-off-by: Achyuthan Sivasankar <achyuthan.sivasankar@gmail.com>
Copilot AI balanced review requested due to automatic review settings November 12, 2026 20:18

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@Achyuthan-S

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A real-model check of the same change: Qwen3-0.6B, bf16, 4× A100 (driver 595.71.05, torch 2.12.1+cu130, NCCL 2.29.7), DP4 → TP2×DP2 → DP4 under ZeRO-3, 20 steps per layout. Each change saves, runs ds_to_universal and loads in the new layout, then compares every fp32 weight and both Adam moments with the saved state bit for bit.

  • master (988b2e3): the TP2×DP2 load fails with RuntimeError: start (187907840) + length (1048576) exceeds dimension size (187924480).
  • this PR: both changes restore all 930 tensors bit for bit.

@gpu-test-labeler gpu-test-labeler Bot added the skip-gpu-test Requires positive evidence that every changed behavior can be validated without a GPU. label Nov 14, 2026

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