Array Initialization: Creating 1D and Multi-dimensional arrays (Matrices) using np.array(), np.zeros(), and np.ones(). Mathematical Operations: Performing element-wise arithmetic and vectorization. Linear Algebra: Matrix multiplication (dot products), Transpose, and Determinants. Data Generation: Using np.linspace() and np.arange() to generate sequences for mathematical functions. Slicing & Indexing: Advanced techniques to access and manipulate specific data points within large matrices.