perf: Optimize array_has_any() with scalar arg

[neilconway]

Which issue does this PR close?

• Closes Optimize array_has_any() for scalar arg #20384.
• See Improve performance of array_has #18181 for related context.

Rationale for this change

When array_has_any is passed a scalar for either of its argument, we can use a much faster algorithm: rather than doing O(N*M) comparisons for each row of the columnar arg, we can build a hash table on the scalar array and probe it instead.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Fix array_has benchmarks to actually perform UDF execution
• Add benchmark to cover the one-scalar-arg case
• Implement optimization as described above

Note that we fallback to a linear scan when the scalar arg is smaller than a threshold (<= 8 elements), because benchmarks suggested probing a HashSet is not profitable for very small arrays.

Are these changes tested?

Yes. Tests pass and benchmarked.

Are there any user-facing changes?

No.

[neilconway]

Benchmark results:

 group                                          base                                    target
  -----                                          ----                                    ------
  array_has_all/all_found_small_needle/10        1.10      7.3±2.65ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      6.6±0.08ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all/all_found_small_needle/100       1.00     14.9±0.04ms        ? ?/sec     1.02     15.2±0.09ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all/all_found_small_needle/500       1.00     52.0±0.11ms        ? ?/sec     1.02     53.0±0.17ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all/not_all_found/10                 1.00      6.3±0.05ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      6.3±0.03ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all/not_all_found/100                1.00     13.7±0.07ms        ? ?/sec     1.01     13.9±0.09ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all/not_all_found/500                1.00     46.5±0.22ms        ? ?/sec     1.03     47.8±0.33ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all_strings/all_found/10             1.18      5.3±0.02ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      4.5±0.01ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all_strings/all_found/100            1.00     14.9±0.11ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     14.8±0.05ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all_strings/all_found/500            1.00     56.9±0.24ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     57.1±1.13ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all_strings/not_all_found/10         1.00      3.9±0.03ms        ? ?/sec     1.19      4.6±0.01ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all_strings/not_all_found/100        1.00     13.4±0.03ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     13.3±0.19ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_all_strings/not_all_found/500        1.00     67.5±0.12ms        ? ?/sec     1.01     67.9±0.25ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/no_match/10                      1.00      7.4±0.08ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      7.4±0.04ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/no_match/100                     1.00     23.7±0.06ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     23.8±0.07ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/no_match/500                     1.00     96.0±0.14ms        ? ?/sec     1.01     97.0±0.19ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/scalar_no_match/10               3.62      7.9±0.08ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      2.2±0.02ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/scalar_no_match/100              1.17     24.3±0.11ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     20.8±0.09ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/scalar_no_match/500              1.00     96.8±0.30ms        ? ?/sec     1.40    135.2±0.83ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/scalar_some_match/10             6.53      6.9±0.08ms        ? ?/sec     1.00   1060.1±4.31µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/scalar_some_match/100            1.37     14.8±0.10ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     10.8±0.12ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/scalar_some_match/500            1.00     49.2±0.15ms        ? ?/sec     1.67     82.3±0.83ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/some_match/10                    1.00      6.5±0.08ms        ? ?/sec     1.01      6.6±0.26ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/some_match/100                   1.00     14.9±0.07ms        ? ?/sec     1.01     15.0±0.04ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any/some_match/500                   1.00     52.1±0.11ms        ? ?/sec     1.01     52.9±0.12ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/i64_no_match/1            15.87     6.1±0.05ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    386.8±1.76µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/i64_no_match/10           12.87     6.4±0.04ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    496.2±3.32µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/i64_no_match/100          18.87     9.8±0.15ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    520.2±5.31µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/i64_no_match/1000         114.06    69.1±0.79ms        ? ?/sec    1.00    605.9±9.78µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/string_no_match/1         12.91     3.8±0.01ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    290.8±1.47µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/string_no_match/10        7.09      5.7±0.09ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    801.0±7.75µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/string_no_match/100       30.32    29.3±0.23ms        ? ?/sec     1.00   967.6±15.09µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_scalar/string_no_match/1000      323.46   311.0±2.99ms        ? ?/sec    1.00   961.5±14.46µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/no_match/10              1.01      5.0±0.04ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      4.9±0.02ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/no_match/100             1.05     22.2±0.18ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     21.1±0.03ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/no_match/500             1.05    133.6±0.58ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    127.7±0.33ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/scalar_no_match/10       7.02      6.6±0.02ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    939.6±2.90µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/scalar_no_match/100      3.11     26.5±0.11ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      8.5±0.04ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/scalar_no_match/500      1.38    166.5±1.60ms        ? ?/sec     1.00    120.6±0.51ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/scalar_some_match/10     5.42      5.5±0.03ms        ? ?/sec     1.00   1010.9±5.30µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/scalar_some_match/100    1.93     15.5±0.05ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      8.0±0.09ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/scalar_some_match/500    1.00     57.0±0.18ms        ? ?/sec     1.15     65.4±0.93ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/some_match/10            1.01      4.3±0.01ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      4.3±0.01ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/some_match/100           1.07     14.6±0.06ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     13.6±0.03ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_any_strings/some_match/500           1.04     53.7±0.17ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     51.8±0.20ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_i64/found/10                         1.00    709.5±4.90µs        ? ?/sec     1.01    713.5±4.85µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_i64/found/100                        1.00  1146.7±45.85µs        ? ?/sec     1.04  1190.1±80.82µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_i64/found/500                        1.02      4.7±0.16ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      4.6±0.11ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_i64/not_found/10                     1.01    696.9±5.06µs        ? ?/sec     1.00    692.3±2.63µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_i64/not_found/100                    1.00  1124.8±41.63µs        ? ?/sec     1.12  1254.4±117.95µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_i64/not_found/500                    1.00      4.6±0.18ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      4.6±0.08ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_strings/found/10                     1.00   1238.9±7.20µs        ? ?/sec     1.00   1238.2±6.99µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_strings/found/100                    1.01      3.2±0.05ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      3.1±0.03ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_strings/found/500                    1.01     15.5±0.31ms        ? ?/sec     1.00     15.3±0.22ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_strings/not_found/10                 1.01    776.4±4.59µs        ? ?/sec     1.00    771.5±3.34µs        ? ?/sec
  array_has_strings/not_found/100                1.02      6.5±0.10ms        ? ?/sec     1.00      6.4±0.04ms        ? ?/sec
  array_has_strings/not_found/500                1.00     16.8±0.16ms        ? ?/sec     1.01     16.9±0.11ms        ? ?/sec