Documentation revamp

[matulni]

This PR proposes a skeleton for the tutorial section of the documentation.
Feel free to complete the proposed sections or improve the documentation layout by opening PRs on this draft PR.

To render the documentation locally, go to the graphix/graphix/docs directory and run

uv run --extra dev --extra doc make html

TODO list

• Writing tutorials

  • Tutorials starting page
  • graph_mbqc
  • measurement_calculus
  • transpilation
  • flows
  • pattern_standardization
  • space_minimization
  • pauli_removal
  • pattern_simulation
  • circuit_extraction
  • symbolic
  • type_safety

• Other sections

  • Installation
  • Getting started
  • Compatiblity
  • Contributing (update existing text)

• Design

  • Design landing page
  • Choose a more modern theme/colors

For future PRs

• Graphix plugins
• Structured API reference
• Research workflows

Concerning the API, for now we can just add the modules as they appear in the tutorials, even if they are not logically ordered, so that links are clickable.

Useful links

Sphinx documentation
Furo theme documentation

www.writethedocs.org/guide/writing/beginners-guide-to-docs

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.29%. Comparing base (00e82f6) to head (085537a).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #601   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   89.29%   89.29%           
=======================================
  Files          49       49           
  Lines        7799     7799           
=======================================
  Hits         6964     6964           
  Misses        835      835           

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