Add check for span length in parse PNG pHYs chunk

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/Chunks/PngPhysical.cs

@@ -46,6 +46,11 @@ public PngPhysical(uint x, uint y, byte unitSpecifier)
     /// <returns>The parsed PhysicalChunkData.</returns>
     public static PngPhysical Parse(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
     {
+        if (data.Length < 9)
+        {
+            PngThrowHelper.ThrowInvalidImageContentException("pHYs chunk is too short");
+        }
+
         uint hResolution = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(data[..4]);
         uint vResolution = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(data.Slice(4, 4));
         byte unit = data[8];

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Png/PngThrowHelper.cs

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png;
 internal static class PngThrowHelper
 {
     [DoesNotReturn]
-    public static void ThrowInvalidImageContentException(string errorMessage, Exception innerException)
-        => throw new InvalidImageContentException(errorMessage, innerException);
+    public static void ThrowInvalidImageContentException(string errorMessage) => throw new InvalidImageContentException(errorMessage);
 
     [DoesNotReturn]
     public static void ThrowInvalidHeader() => throw new InvalidImageContentException("PNG Image must contain a header chunk and it must be located before any other chunks.");

tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Png/PngDecoderTests.Chunks.cs

@@ -20,40 +20,40 @@ public partial class PngDecoderTests
     private static readonly byte[] Raw1X1PngIhdrAndpHYs =
     [
         // PNG Identifier
-            0x89, 0x50, 0x4E, 0x47, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x1A, 0x0A,
+        0x89, 0x50, 0x4E, 0x47, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x1A, 0x0A,
 
-            // IHDR
-            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0D, 0x49, 0x48, 0x44, 0x52, 0x00,
-            0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x08, 0x02,
-            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+        // IHDR
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0D, 0x49, 0x48, 0x44, 0x52, 0x00,
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x08, 0x02,
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
 
-            // IHDR CRC
-            0x90, 0x77, 0x53, 0xDE,
+        // IHDR CRC
+        0x90, 0x77, 0x53, 0xDE,
 
-            // pHYS
-            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x09, 0x70, 0x48, 0x59, 0x73, 0x00,
-            0x00, 0x0E, 0xC3, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0E, 0xC3, 0x01,
+        // pHYS
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x09, 0x70, 0x48, 0x59, 0x73, 0x00,
+        0x00, 0x0E, 0xC3, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0E, 0xC3, 0x01,
 
-            // pHYS CRC
-            0xC7, 0x6F, 0xA8, 0x64
+        // pHYS CRC
+        0xC7, 0x6F, 0xA8, 0x64
     ];
 
     // Contains the png marker, IDAT and IEND chunks of a 1x1 pixel 32bit png 1 a single black pixel.
     private static readonly byte[] Raw1X1PngIdatAndIend =
     [
         // IDAT
-            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x49, 0x44, 0x41, 0x54, 0x18,
-            0x57, 0x63, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04,
-            0x00, 0x01,
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x49, 0x44, 0x41, 0x54, 0x18,
+        0x57, 0x63, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04,
+        0x00, 0x01,
 
-            // IDAT CRC
-            0x5C, 0xCD, 0xFF, 0x69,
+        // IDAT CRC
+        0x5C, 0xCD, 0xFF, 0x69,
 
-            // IEND
-            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x49, 0x45, 0x4E, 0x44,
+        // IEND
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x49, 0x45, 0x4E, 0x44,
 
-            // IEND CRC
-            0xAE, 0x42, 0x60, 0x82
+        // IEND CRC
+        0xAE, 0x42, 0x60, 0x82
     ];
 
     [Theory]
@@ -70,13 +70,28 @@ public void Decode_IncorrectCRCForCriticalChunk_ExceptionIsThrown(uint chunkType
             WriteChunk(memStream, chunkName);
             WriteDataChunk(memStream);
 
-            ImageFormatException exception =
+            InvalidImageContentException exception =
                 Assert.Throws<InvalidImageContentException>(() => PngDecoder.Instance.Decode<Rgb24>(DecoderOptions.Default, memStream));
 
             Assert.Equal($"CRC Error. PNG {chunkName} chunk is corrupt!", exception.Message);
         }
     }
 
+    // https://github.com/SixLabors/ImageSharp/issues/3078
+    [Fact]
+    public void Decode_TruncatedPhysChunk_ExceptionIsThrown()
+    {
+        // 24 bytes — PNG signature + truncated pHYs chunk
+        byte[] payload = Convert.FromHexString(
+            "89504e470d0a1a0a3030303070485973" +
+            "3030303030303030");
+
+        using MemoryStream stream = new(payload);
+        InvalidImageContentException exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidImageContentException>(() => Image.Load<Rgba32>(stream));
+
+        Assert.Equal("pHYs chunk is too short", exception.Message);
+    }
+
     private static string GetChunkTypeName(uint value)
     {
         byte[] data = new byte[4];