diff --git a/vortex-array/public-api.lock b/vortex-array/public-api.lock
index c193f10da92..0c6c1ff06cd 100644
--- a/vortex-array/public-api.lock
+++ b/vortex-array/public-api.lock
@@ -186,6 +186,56 @@ pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::is_sorted::is_strict_sorted(array: &vort
 
 pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::is_sorted::make_is_sorted_partial_dtype(element_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> vortex_array::dtype::DType
 
+pub mod vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean
+
+pub struct vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean
+
+impl core::clone::Clone for vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::clone(&self) -> vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result
+
+impl vortex_array::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnVTable for vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean
+
+pub type vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::Options = vortex_array::aggregate_fn::EmptyOptions
+
+pub type vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::Partial = vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::MeanPartial
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::accumulate(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial, batch: &vortex_array::Columnar, _ctx: &mut vortex_array::ExecutionCtx) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<()>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::coerce_args(&self, options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::dtype::DType>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::combine_partials(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial, other: vortex_array::scalar::Scalar) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<()>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::deserialize(&self, _metadata: &[u8], _session: &vortex_session::VortexSession) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<Self::Options>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::empty_partial(&self, _options: &Self::Options, _input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<Self::Partial>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::finalize(&self, partials: vortex_array::ArrayRef) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::ArrayRef>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::finalize_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::scalar::Scalar>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::id(&self) -> vortex_array::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnId
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::is_saturated(&self, _partial: &Self::Partial) -> bool
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::partial_dtype(&self, _options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> core::option::Option<vortex_array::dtype::DType>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::reset(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial)
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::return_dtype(&self, _options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> core::option::Option<vortex_array::dtype::DType>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::serialize(&self, _options: &Self::Options) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<core::option::Option<alloc::vec::Vec<u8>>>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::to_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::scalar::Scalar>
+
+pub struct vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::MeanPartial
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::mean(array: &vortex_array::ArrayRef, ctx: &mut vortex_array::ExecutionCtx) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::scalar::Scalar>
+
 pub mod vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::min_max
 
 pub struct vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::min_max::MinMax
@@ -684,6 +734,40 @@ pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::is_sorted::IsSorted::serialize(&self, op
 
 pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::is_sorted::IsSorted::to_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::scalar::Scalar>
 
+impl vortex_array::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnVTable for vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean
+
+pub type vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::Options = vortex_array::aggregate_fn::EmptyOptions
+
+pub type vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::Partial = vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::MeanPartial
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::accumulate(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial, batch: &vortex_array::Columnar, _ctx: &mut vortex_array::ExecutionCtx) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<()>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::coerce_args(&self, options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::dtype::DType>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::combine_partials(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial, other: vortex_array::scalar::Scalar) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<()>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::deserialize(&self, _metadata: &[u8], _session: &vortex_session::VortexSession) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<Self::Options>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::empty_partial(&self, _options: &Self::Options, _input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<Self::Partial>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::finalize(&self, partials: vortex_array::ArrayRef) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::ArrayRef>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::finalize_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::scalar::Scalar>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::id(&self) -> vortex_array::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnId
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::is_saturated(&self, _partial: &Self::Partial) -> bool
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::partial_dtype(&self, _options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> core::option::Option<vortex_array::dtype::DType>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::reset(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial)
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::return_dtype(&self, _options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &vortex_array::dtype::DType) -> core::option::Option<vortex_array::dtype::DType>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::serialize(&self, _options: &Self::Options) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<core::option::Option<alloc::vec::Vec<u8>>>
+
+pub fn vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean::to_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> vortex_error::VortexResult<vortex_array::scalar::Scalar>
+
 impl vortex_array::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnVTable for vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::min_max::MinMax
 
 pub type vortex_array::aggregate_fn::fns::min_max::MinMax::Options = vortex_array::aggregate_fn::EmptyOptions
diff --git a/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/accumulator_grouped.rs b/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/accumulator_grouped.rs
index 83b945708b2..125608b4c8c 100644
--- a/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/accumulator_grouped.rs
+++ b/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/accumulator_grouped.rs
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ impl<V: AggregateFnVTable> GroupedAccumulator<V> {
             if validity.value(offset) {
                 let group = elements.slice(offset..offset + size)?;
                 accumulator.accumulate(&group, ctx)?;
-                states.append_scalar(&accumulator.finish()?)?;
+                states.append_scalar(&accumulator.flush()?)?;
             } else {
                 states.append_null()
             }
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ impl<V: AggregateFnVTable> GroupedAccumulator<V> {
             if validity.value(i) {
                 let group = elements.slice(offset..offset + size)?;
                 accumulator.accumulate(&group, ctx)?;
-                states.append_scalar(&accumulator.finish()?)?;
+                states.append_scalar(&accumulator.flush()?)?;
             } else {
                 states.append_null()
             }
diff --git a/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mean/mod.rs b/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mean/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6eed9b0aa6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mean/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+use num_traits::ToPrimitive;
+use vortex_error::VortexExpect;
+use vortex_error::VortexResult;
+use vortex_error::vortex_bail;
+use vortex_mask::Mask;
+
+use crate::ArrayRef;
+use crate::Canonical;
+use crate::Columnar;
+use crate::DynArray;
+use crate::ExecutionCtx;
+use crate::IntoArray;
+use crate::aggregate_fn::Accumulator;
+use crate::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnId;
+use crate::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnVTable;
+use crate::aggregate_fn::DynAccumulator;
+use crate::aggregate_fn::EmptyOptions;
+use crate::arrays::PrimitiveArray;
+use crate::canonical::ToCanonical;
+use crate::dtype::DType;
+use crate::dtype::FieldName;
+use crate::dtype::Nullability;
+use crate::dtype::PType;
+use crate::dtype::StructFields;
+use crate::match_each_native_ptype;
+use crate::scalar::Scalar;
+use crate::validity::Validity;
+
+/// Compute the arithmetic mean of an array.
+///
+/// See [`Mean`] for details.
+pub fn mean(array: &ArrayRef, ctx: &mut ExecutionCtx) -> VortexResult<Scalar> {
+    let mut acc = Accumulator::try_new(Mean, EmptyOptions, array.dtype().clone())?;
+    acc.accumulate(array, ctx)?;
+    acc.finish()
+}
+
+/// Compute the arithmetic mean of an array, returning `f64`.
+///
+/// Applies to boolean and primitive numeric types. Returns a nullable `f64`.
+/// Internally tracks sum and count, returning `sum / count` on finalize.
+/// If there are no valid elements, returns null.
+///
+/// The partial state is a struct `{sum: f64, count: u64}` so that partials from
+/// different accumulators can be correctly combined via weighted addition.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Mean;
+
+/// Internal accumulation state for [`Mean`].
+pub struct MeanPartial {
+    sum: f64,
+    count: u64,
+}
+
+fn partial_struct_dtype() -> DType {
+    DType::Struct(
+        StructFields::new(
+            [FieldName::from("sum"), FieldName::from("count")].into(),
+            vec![
+                DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::NonNullable),
+                DType::Primitive(PType::U64, Nullability::NonNullable),
+            ],
+        ),
+        Nullability::Nullable,
+    )
+}
+
+impl AggregateFnVTable for Mean {
+    type Options = EmptyOptions;
+    type Partial = MeanPartial;
+
+    fn id(&self) -> AggregateFnId {
+        AggregateFnId::new_ref("vortex.mean")
+    }
+
+    fn serialize(&self, _options: &Self::Options) -> VortexResult<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
+        // This function is not serializable until:
+        // - we decide on algo for compilation (and hence what should be the intermediate state)
+        // - we decide on return type (should mean(decimals) be a decimal?)
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+
+    fn deserialize(
+        &self,
+        _metadata: &[u8],
+        _session: &vortex_session::VortexSession,
+    ) -> VortexResult<Self::Options> {
+        unimplemented!("Mean is not deserializable")
+    }
+
+    fn return_dtype(&self, _options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &DType) -> Option<DType> {
+        match input_dtype {
+            DType::Bool(_) | DType::Primitive(..) => {
+                Some(DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::Nullable))
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn partial_dtype(&self, _options: &Self::Options, input_dtype: &DType) -> Option<DType> {
+        match input_dtype {
+            DType::Bool(_) | DType::Primitive(..) => Some(partial_struct_dtype()),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn empty_partial(
+        &self,
+        _options: &Self::Options,
+        _input_dtype: &DType,
+    ) -> VortexResult<Self::Partial> {
+        Ok(MeanPartial { sum: 0.0, count: 0 })
+    }
+
+    fn combine_partials(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial, other: Scalar) -> VortexResult<()> {
+        if other.is_null() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let s = other.as_struct();
+        let sum_scalar = s
+            .field("sum")
+            .vortex_expect("mean partial must have sum field");
+        let count_scalar = s
+            .field("count")
+            .vortex_expect("mean partial must have count field");
+
+        partial.sum += sum_scalar
+            .as_primitive()
+            .typed_value::<f64>()
+            .vortex_expect("sum field should not be null");
+        partial.count += count_scalar
+            .as_primitive()
+            .typed_value::<u64>()
+            .vortex_expect("count field should not be null");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn to_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> VortexResult<Scalar> {
+        if partial.count == 0 {
+            Ok(Scalar::null(partial_struct_dtype()))
+        } else {
+            Ok(Scalar::struct_(
+                partial_struct_dtype(),
+                vec![
+                    Scalar::primitive(partial.sum, Nullability::NonNullable),
+                    Scalar::primitive(partial.count, Nullability::NonNullable),
+                ],
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn reset(&self, partial: &mut Self::Partial) {
+        partial.sum = 0.0;
+        partial.count = 0;
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn is_saturated(&self, _partial: &Self::Partial) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    fn accumulate(
+        &self,
+        partial: &mut Self::Partial,
+        batch: &Columnar,
+        _ctx: &mut ExecutionCtx,
+    ) -> VortexResult<()> {
+        match batch {
+            Columnar::Constant(c) => {
+                if !c.scalar().is_null() {
+                    let val = scalar_to_f64(c.scalar())?;
+                    partial.sum += val * c.len() as f64;
+                    partial.count += c.len() as u64;
+                }
+            }
+            Columnar::Canonical(canonical) => match canonical {
+                Canonical::Primitive(prim) => {
+                    let mask = prim.validity_mask()?;
+                    match_each_native_ptype!(prim.ptype(), |T| {
+                        accumulate_values(partial, prim.as_slice::<T>(), &mask);
+                    });
+                }
+                Canonical::Bool(bool_arr) => {
+                    let mask = bool_arr.validity_mask()?;
+                    let bits = bool_arr.to_bit_buffer();
+                    match &mask {
+                        Mask::AllTrue(_) => {
+                            partial.sum += bits.true_count() as f64;
+                            partial.count += bool_arr.len() as u64;
+                        }
+                        Mask::AllFalse(_) => {}
+                        Mask::Values(validity) => {
+                            let valid_count = validity.true_count();
+                            let valid_and_true = (&bits & validity.bit_buffer()).true_count();
+                            partial.sum += valid_and_true as f64;
+                            partial.count += valid_count as u64;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => vortex_bail!("Unsupported canonical type for mean: {}", batch.dtype()),
+            },
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn finalize(&self, partials: ArrayRef) -> VortexResult<ArrayRef> {
+        let struct_arr = partials.to_struct();
+        let sums = struct_arr.unmasked_field_by_name("sum")?;
+        let counts = struct_arr.unmasked_field_by_name("count")?;
+        let validity_mask = struct_arr.validity_mask()?;
+
+        let sum_prim = sums.to_primitive();
+        let count_prim = counts.to_primitive();
+        let sum_values = sum_prim.as_slice::<f64>();
+        let count_values = count_prim.as_slice::<u64>();
+
+        let means: vortex_buffer::Buffer<f64> = sum_values
+            .iter()
+            .zip(count_values.iter())
+            .map(|(s, c)| if *c == 0 { 0.0 } else { s / *c as f64 })
+            .collect();
+
+        // A mean is valid when the group itself was valid AND had at least one
+        // non-null element (count > 0).
+        let validity = Validity::from_iter(
+            count_values
+                .iter()
+                .enumerate()
+                .map(|(i, c)| validity_mask.value(i) && *c > 0),
+        );
+
+        Ok(PrimitiveArray::new(means, validity).into_array())
+    }
+
+    fn finalize_scalar(&self, partial: &Self::Partial) -> VortexResult<Scalar> {
+        if partial.count == 0 {
+            Ok(Scalar::null(DType::Primitive(
+                PType::F64,
+                Nullability::Nullable,
+            )))
+        } else {
+            Ok(Scalar::primitive(
+                partial.sum / partial.count as f64,
+                Nullability::Nullable,
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn scalar_to_f64(scalar: &Scalar) -> VortexResult<f64> {
+    match scalar.dtype() {
+        DType::Bool(_) => {
+            let v = scalar.as_bool().value().vortex_expect("checked non-null");
+            Ok(if v { 1.0 } else { 0.0 })
+        }
+        DType::Primitive(..) => f64::try_from(scalar),
+        _ => vortex_bail!("Cannot convert {} to f64 for mean", scalar.dtype()),
+    }
+}
+
+fn accumulate_values<T: ToPrimitive>(partial: &mut MeanPartial, values: &[T], mask: &Mask) {
+    match mask {
+        Mask::AllTrue(_) => {
+            partial.count += values.len() as u64;
+            for v in values {
+                partial.sum += v.to_f64().unwrap_or(0.0);
+            }
+        }
+        Mask::AllFalse(_) => {}
+        Mask::Values(v) => {
+            for (val, valid) in values.iter().zip(v.bit_buffer().iter()) {
+                if valid {
+                    partial.count += 1;
+                    partial.sum += val.to_f64().unwrap_or(0.0);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use vortex_buffer::buffer;
+    use vortex_error::VortexResult;
+
+    use crate::IntoArray;
+    use crate::LEGACY_SESSION;
+    use crate::VortexSessionExecute;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::Accumulator;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::AggregateFnVTable;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::DynAccumulator;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::EmptyOptions;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::Mean;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::mean;
+    use crate::aggregate_fn::fns::mean::partial_struct_dtype;
+    use crate::arrays::BoolArray;
+    use crate::arrays::ChunkedArray;
+    use crate::arrays::ConstantArray;
+    use crate::arrays::PrimitiveArray;
+    use crate::dtype::DType;
+    use crate::dtype::Nullability;
+    use crate::dtype::PType;
+    use crate::scalar::Scalar;
+    use crate::validity::Validity;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_all_valid() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array = PrimitiveArray::new(buffer![1.0f64, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0], Validity::NonNullable)
+            .into_array();
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array, &mut ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(3.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_with_nulls() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array = PrimitiveArray::from_option_iter([Some(2.0f64), None, Some(4.0)]).into_array();
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array, &mut ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(3.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_all_null() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array = PrimitiveArray::from_option_iter::<f64, _>([None, None, None]).into_array();
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array, &mut ctx)?;
+        assert!(result.is_null());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_empty() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let dtype = DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::NonNullable);
+        let mut acc = Accumulator::try_new(Mean, EmptyOptions, dtype)?;
+        let result = acc.finish()?;
+        assert!(result.is_null());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_integers() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array = PrimitiveArray::new(buffer![10i32, 20, 30], Validity::NonNullable).into_array();
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array, &mut ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(20.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_multi_batch() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let dtype = DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::NonNullable);
+        let mut acc = Accumulator::try_new(Mean, EmptyOptions, dtype)?;
+
+        let batch1 =
+            PrimitiveArray::new(buffer![1.0f64, 2.0, 3.0], Validity::NonNullable).into_array();
+        acc.accumulate(&batch1, &mut ctx)?;
+
+        let batch2 = PrimitiveArray::new(buffer![4.0f64, 5.0], Validity::NonNullable).into_array();
+        acc.accumulate(&batch2, &mut ctx)?;
+
+        let result = acc.finish()?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(3.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_finish_resets_state() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let dtype = DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::NonNullable);
+        let mut acc = Accumulator::try_new(Mean, EmptyOptions, dtype)?;
+
+        let batch1 = PrimitiveArray::new(buffer![2.0f64, 4.0], Validity::NonNullable).into_array();
+        acc.accumulate(&batch1, &mut ctx)?;
+        let result1 = acc.finish()?;
+        assert_eq!(result1.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(3.0));
+
+        let batch2 =
+            PrimitiveArray::new(buffer![10.0f64, 20.0, 30.0], Validity::NonNullable).into_array();
+        acc.accumulate(&batch2, &mut ctx)?;
+        let result2 = acc.finish()?;
+        assert_eq!(result2.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(20.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_state_merge() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let dtype = DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::NonNullable);
+        let mut state = Mean.empty_partial(&EmptyOptions, &dtype)?;
+
+        // Partition 1: mean of [2, 4] → sum=6, count=2
+        let partial1 = Scalar::struct_(
+            partial_struct_dtype(),
+            vec![
+                Scalar::primitive(6.0f64, Nullability::NonNullable),
+                Scalar::primitive(2u64, Nullability::NonNullable),
+            ],
+        );
+        Mean.combine_partials(&mut state, partial1)?;
+
+        // Partition 2: mean of [10, 20, 30] → sum=60, count=3
+        let partial2 = Scalar::struct_(
+            partial_struct_dtype(),
+            vec![
+                Scalar::primitive(60.0f64, Nullability::NonNullable),
+                Scalar::primitive(3u64, Nullability::NonNullable),
+            ],
+        );
+        Mean.combine_partials(&mut state, partial2)?;
+
+        // Combined: (6 + 60) / (2 + 3) = 13.2
+        let result = Mean.finalize_scalar(&state)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(13.2));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_constant_non_null() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array = ConstantArray::new(5.0f64, 4);
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array.into_array(), &mut ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(5.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_constant_null() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array = ConstantArray::new(
+            Scalar::null(DType::Primitive(PType::F64, Nullability::Nullable)),
+            10,
+        );
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array.into_array(), &mut ctx)?;
+        assert!(result.is_null());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_bool() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let array: BoolArray = [true, false, true, true].into_iter().collect();
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&array.into_array(), &mut ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(0.75));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mean_chunked() -> VortexResult<()> {
+        let chunk1 = PrimitiveArray::from_option_iter([Some(1.0f64), None, Some(3.0)]);
+        let chunk2 = PrimitiveArray::from_option_iter([Some(5.0f64), None]);
+        let dtype = chunk1.dtype().clone();
+        let chunked = ChunkedArray::try_new(vec![chunk1.into_array(), chunk2.into_array()], dtype)?;
+        let mut ctx = LEGACY_SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
+        let result = mean(&chunked.into_array(), &mut ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(result.as_primitive().as_::<f64>(), Some(3.0));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mod.rs b/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mod.rs
index 4c233ba4d27..13afde10f6c 100644
--- a/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mod.rs
+++ b/vortex-array/src/aggregate_fn/fns/mod.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 pub mod is_constant;
 pub mod is_sorted;
+pub mod mean;
 pub mod min_max;
 pub mod nan_count;
 pub mod sum;