diff --git a/changelog/3697.bugfix.rst b/changelog/3697.bugfix.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59f1872786d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/3697.bugfix.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Logging capture now works for non-propagating loggers.
+Previously only logs which reached the root logger were captured.
+This includes :fixture:`caplog` and the "Captured log calls" test reporting.
diff --git a/src/_pytest/logging.py b/src/_pytest/logging.py
index 6f34c1b93fd..2a22c9eb4aa 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/logging.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/logging.py
@@ -342,18 +342,34 @@ def add_option_ini(option, dest, default=None, type=None, **kwargs):
 class catching_logs(Generic[_HandlerType]):
     """Context manager that prepares the whole logging machinery properly."""
 
-    __slots__ = ("handler", "level", "orig_level")
+    __slots__ = ("attached_loggers", "handler", "level", "orig_level")
 
     def __init__(self, handler: _HandlerType, level: int | None = None) -> None:
         self.handler = handler
         self.level = level
+        self.attached_loggers: list[logging.Logger] = []
 
     def __enter__(self) -> _HandlerType:
         root_logger = logging.getLogger()
         if self.level is not None:
             self.handler.setLevel(self.level)
+        # Attach to root logger.
         root_logger.addHandler(self.handler)
+        self.attached_loggers.append(root_logger)
+        # Attach to all non-propagating loggers (won't reach root).
+        # Note that will miss loggers that *become* non-propagating
+        # after the `__enter__`. Not worth the trouble for now.
+        for logger in root_logger.manager.loggerDict.values():
+            if (
+                isinstance(logger, logging.Logger)
+                and not logger.propagate
+                and logger is not root_logger
+            ):
+                logger.addHandler(self.handler)
+                self.attached_loggers.append(logger)
         if self.level is not None:
+            # Non-propagating loggers still inherit the level (unless a logger
+            # explicitly set level), so only do this on the root logger.
             self.orig_level = root_logger.level
             root_logger.setLevel(min(self.orig_level, self.level))
         return self.handler
@@ -367,7 +383,9 @@ def __exit__(
         root_logger = logging.getLogger()
         if self.level is not None:
             root_logger.setLevel(self.orig_level)
-        root_logger.removeHandler(self.handler)
+        for logger in self.attached_loggers:
+            logger.removeHandler(self.handler)
+        self.attached_loggers.clear()
 
 
 class LogCaptureHandler(logging_StreamHandler):
diff --git a/testing/logging/test_fixture.py b/testing/logging/test_fixture.py
index 5f94cb8508a..c98b7d84258 100644
--- a/testing/logging/test_fixture.py
+++ b/testing/logging/test_fixture.py
@@ -411,6 +411,33 @@ def test_log_level_override(request, caplog):
     assert result.ret == 0
 
 
+def test_can_capture_non_propagating_logger(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
+    """Logs emitted by non-propagating loggers are still captured (#3697)."""
+    pytester.makepyfile(
+        """
+        import logging
+
+        logger = logging.getLogger("catchlog")
+        logger.propagate = False
+        child_logger = logging.getLogger("catchlog.child")
+
+        def test_non_propagating_logger(caplog):
+            caplog.set_level(logging.INFO)
+
+            logger.info("parent logger message")
+            child_logger.info("child logger message")
+
+            assert caplog.record_tuples == [
+                ("catchlog", logging.INFO, "parent logger message"),
+                ("catchlog.child", logging.INFO, "child logger message"),
+            ]
+        """
+    )
+
+    result = pytester.runpytest()
+    result.assert_outcomes(passed=1)
+
+
 def test_captures_despite_exception(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
     pytester.makepyfile(
         """
diff --git a/testing/logging/test_reporting.py b/testing/logging/test_reporting.py
index 4974532e888..e8919d1f36a 100644
--- a/testing/logging/test_reporting.py
+++ b/testing/logging/test_reporting.py
@@ -1255,6 +1255,38 @@ def test_foo():
     )
 
 
+def test_log_propagation_false(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
+    pytester.makepyfile(
+        """
+        import pytest
+        import logging
+
+        logging.getLogger('foo').propagate = False
+
+        def test_log_file(request):
+            logging.getLogger().warning("log goes to root logger")
+            logging.getLogger('foo').warning("log goes to initially non-propagating logger")
+            logging.getLogger('foo.bar').warning("log goes to initially non-propagating nested logger")
+            assert False, "intentionally fail to trigger report logging output"
+    """
+    )
+
+    reprec = pytester.inline_run()
+    reports = reprec.getfailures()
+    assert len(reports) == 1
+    report = reports[0]
+    sections = list(report.get_sections("Captured log call"))
+    assert len(sections) == 1
+    assert sections[0][1] == "\n".join(
+        [
+            "WARNING  root:test_log_propagation_false.py:7 log goes to root logger",
+            "WARNING  foo:test_log_propagation_false.py:8 log goes to initially non-propagating logger",
+            "WARNING  foo.bar:test_log_propagation_false.py:9 log goes to initially non-propagating nested logger",
+        ]
+    )
+    assert not list(report.get_sections("Captured stderr call"))
+
+
 def test_colored_ansi_esc_caplogtext(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
     """Make sure that caplog.text does not contain ANSI escape sequences."""
     pytester.makepyfile(