Add test for Phar::buildFromIterator() with a negative getMTime() (#24779)

The fix of ZEND_LONG_UINT_OVFL() on 32-bit platforms also makes
Phar::buildFromIterator() reject a negative timestamp there.

Author: marc-mabe

NEWS

@@ -184,6 +184,8 @@ PHP                                                                        NEWS
     mounted entries). (Lazizbek Ergashev)
   . Fixed bug GH-24531 (Crash when modifying a zip-based phar whose file was
     renamed). (Ilia Alshanetsky)
+  . Fixed Phar::buildFromIterator() accepting a negative getMTime() on 32bit
+    platforms. (Marc Bennewitz)
 
 - Reflection:
   . Fixed bug GH-21768 (Assertion failure in ReflectionProperty::isReadable()

ext/phar/tests/buildFromIterator_user_overrides/getMTime_negative.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+--TEST--
+buildFromIterator with user overrides - negative getMTime()
+--EXTENSIONS--
+phar
+--INI--
+phar.readonly=0
+phar.require_hash=0
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+class MySplFileInfo extends SplFileInfo {
+    public function getMTime(): int|false {
+        echo "[MTime]\n";
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+class MyIterator extends RecursiveDirectoryIterator {
+    public function current(): SplFileInfo {
+        return new MySplFileInfo(parent::current()->getPathname());
+    }
+}
+
+$workdir = __DIR__.'/getMTime_negative';
+mkdir($workdir . '/content', recursive: true);
+file_put_contents($workdir . '/content/hello.txt', "Hello world.");
+
+try {
+    $phar = new \Phar($workdir . "/test.phar");
+    $phar->startBuffering();
+    $phar->buildFromIterator(
+        new RecursiveIteratorIterator(
+            new MyIterator($workdir . '/content', FilesystemIterator::SKIP_DOTS)
+        ),
+        $workdir
+    );
+    $phar->stopBuffering();
+} catch (Throwable $e) {
+    echo $e::class, ': ', $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+}
+
+?>
+--CLEAN--
+<?php
+$workdir = __DIR__.'/getMTime_negative';
+@unlink($workdir . '/content/hello.txt');
+@unlink($workdir . '/test.phar');
+@rmdir($workdir . '/content');
+@rmdir($workdir);
+?>
+--EXPECTF--
+[MTime]
+BadMethodCallException: Entry content%chello.txt cannot be created: timestamp is limited to 32-bit