diff --git a/.changelog/5845.fixed b/.changelog/5845.fixed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3132d675ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changelog/5845.fixed
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+`opentelemetry-sdk`: validate `explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory` for finite, strictly increasing values in `create_histogram`, instead of only at the first `record()` call
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/_internal/__init__.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/_internal/__init__.py
index 2a43dc299c..f6c9696267 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/_internal/__init__.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/_internal/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
+import math
 import os
 import weakref
 from atexit import register, unregister
@@ -224,12 +225,23 @@ def create_histogram(
                     )
                 except (KeyError, TypeError):
                     invalid_advisory = True
+                if not invalid_advisory:
+                    # Mirrors the check _ExplicitBucketHistogramAggregation.__init__ raises on.
+                    # Catching it here means a bad advisory is dropped with a warning when the
+                    # histogram is created, instead of raising uncaught out of every record()
+                    # call once the aggregation is actually built.
+                    for idx, bound in enumerate(explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory):
+                        if not math.isfinite(bound) or (idx and explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory[idx - 1] >= bound):
+                            invalid_advisory = True
+                            break
             else:
                 invalid_advisory = True
 
             if invalid_advisory:
                 explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory = None
-                _logger.warning("explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory must be a sequence of numbers")
+                _logger.warning(
+                    "explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory must be a sequence of finite, strictly increasing numbers"
+                )
 
         with self._instrument_registration_lock:
             status = self._register_instrument(
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/metrics/test_metrics.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/metrics/test_metrics.py
index 47db7bc648..d5cbd267b6 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/metrics/test_metrics.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/metrics/test_metrics.py
@@ -690,16 +690,42 @@ def test_create_histogram_advisory_validation(self):
         advisories = [
             {"explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory": "hello"},
             {"explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory": ["1"]},
+            # Right type, but not strictly increasing / not finite: these pass the
+            # type check but previously weren't caught until the first record() call.
+            {"explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory": [100, 10, 50]},
+            {"explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory": [1, 1]},
+            {"explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory": [1.0, float("nan")]},
         ]
-        for advisory in advisories:
+        for idx, advisory in enumerate(advisories):
             with self.subTest(advisory=advisory):
-                with self.assertLogs(level=WARNING):
+                # A distinct name per case, so the assertion below can't accidentally
+                # be satisfied by the SDK's unrelated "duplicate instrument name"
+                # warning instead of the advisory-validation warning under test.
+                with self.assertLogs(level=WARNING) as cm:
                     self.meter.create_histogram(
-                        "name",
+                        f"histogram-{idx}",
                         unit="unit",
                         description="description",
                         **advisory,
                     )
+                self.assertTrue(any("explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory" in line for line in cm.output))
+
+    def test_histogram_bad_advisory_does_not_crash_record(self):
+        # create_histogram only type-checked the advisory, so an unsorted (but
+        # correctly-typed) advisory used to sail through with no warning and then
+        # raise ValueError out of every single record() call once the real
+        # aggregation was built on first use. self.meter's measurement_consumer is
+        # a Mock, so this needs a real MeterProvider + reader to actually reach
+        # the aggregation construction that record() triggers.
+        reader = InMemoryMetricReader()
+        meter = MeterProvider(metric_readers=[reader]).get_meter("test_meter")
+        with self.assertLogs(level=WARNING):
+            histogram = meter.create_histogram(
+                "name",
+                explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory=[100, 10, 50],
+            )
+        histogram.record(5)
+        histogram.record(5)
 
     def test_create_observable_gauge(self):
         observable_gauge = self.meter.create_observable_gauge(