diff --git a/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTaskExecutionMode.cs b/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTaskExecutionMode.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9045cea97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTaskExecutionMode.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+namespace ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Specifies how a tool call participates in the MCP Tasks extension.
+/// </summary>
+public enum McpTaskExecutionMode
+{
+    /// <summary>The tool always executes synchronously.</summary>
+    Synchronous,
+
+    /// <summary>The tool executes as a task when the client declares the Tasks extension.</summary>
+    Optional,
+
+    /// <summary>The tool requires the client to declare the Tasks extension.</summary>
+    Required,
+}
diff --git a/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksBuilderExtensions.cs b/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksBuilderExtensions.cs
index f9626c7d6..cbdf73c9a 100644
--- a/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksBuilderExtensions.cs
+++ b/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksBuilderExtensions.cs
@@ -29,13 +29,36 @@ public static class McpTasksBuilderExtensions
     /// <param name="store">The task store.</param>
     /// <returns>The builder provided in <paramref name="builder"/>.</returns>
     public static IMcpServerBuilder WithTasks(this IMcpServerBuilder builder, IMcpTaskStore store)
+        => WithTasks(builder, store, static _ => { });
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Enables MCP Tasks support backed by the specified task store.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="builder">The server builder.</param>
+    /// <param name="store">The task store.</param>
+    /// <param name="configure">A callback that configures per-call task execution behavior.</param>
+    /// <returns>The builder provided in <paramref name="builder"/>.</returns>
+    public static IMcpServerBuilder WithTasks(
+        this IMcpServerBuilder builder,
+        IMcpTaskStore store,
+        Action<McpTasksOptions> configure)
     {
 #if NET
         ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(builder);
         ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(store);
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(configure);
 #else
         if (builder is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(builder));
         if (store is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(store));
+        if (configure is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(configure));
+#endif
+
+        McpTasksOptions taskOptions = new();
+        configure(taskOptions);
+#if NET
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(taskOptions.ExecutionModeSelector);
+#else
+        if (taskOptions.ExecutionModeSelector is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(taskOptions.ExecutionModeSelector));
 #endif
 
         // Resolve ILoggerFactory from the provider (rather than requiring the caller to pass one) so the
@@ -45,18 +68,21 @@ public static IMcpServerBuilder WithTasks(this IMcpServerBuilder builder, IMcpTa
             sp => new McpTasksConfigureOptions(
                 store,
                 sp.GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>(),
-                sp.GetService<ILoggerFactory>()));
+                sp.GetService<ILoggerFactory>(),
+                taskOptions));
         return builder;
     }
 
     private sealed class McpTasksConfigureOptions(
         IMcpTaskStore store,
         IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory,
-        ILoggerFactory? loggerFactory) : IConfigureOptions<McpServerOptions>
+        ILoggerFactory? loggerFactory,
+        McpTasksOptions taskOptions) : IConfigureOptions<McpServerOptions>
     {
         private readonly IMcpTaskStore _store = store;
         private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _serviceScopeFactory = serviceScopeFactory;
         private readonly ILogger _logger = (loggerFactory ?? NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateLogger<McpTasksConfigureOptions>();
+        private readonly McpTasksOptions _taskOptions = taskOptions;
         private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, CancellationTokenSource> _cancellationSources = new(StringComparer.Ordinal);
 
         public void Configure(McpServerOptions options)
@@ -108,9 +134,28 @@ public void Configure(McpServerOptions options)
                 options.Filters.Request.CallToolWithAlternateFilters.Count,
                 async (request, next, cancellationToken) =>
                 {
+                    var executionMode = _taskOptions.ExecutionModeSelector(request);
+                    if (executionMode is not McpTaskExecutionMode.Synchronous and
+                        not McpTaskExecutionMode.Optional and
+                        not McpTaskExecutionMode.Required)
+                    {
+                        throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                            $"{nameof(McpTasksOptions.ExecutionModeSelector)} returned an invalid {nameof(McpTaskExecutionMode)} value.");
+                    }
+
+                    if (executionMode == McpTaskExecutionMode.Synchronous)
+                    {
+                        return await next(request, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                    }
+
                     if (!IsJuly2026OrLaterProtocolRequest(request.JsonRpcRequest) ||
                         !HasTaskExtensionOptIn(request.JsonRpcRequest))
                     {
+                        if (executionMode == McpTaskExecutionMode.Required)
+                        {
+                            throw CreateMissingTasksCapabilityException();
+                        }
+
                         return await next(request, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
                     }
 
diff --git a/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksOptions.cs b/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksOptions.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..818a53fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks/Server/McpTasksOptions.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using ModelContextProtocol.Protocol;
+using ModelContextProtocol.Server;
+
+namespace ModelContextProtocol.Extensions.Tasks;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Configures server-side MCP Tasks behavior.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class McpTasksOptions
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the callback that selects task execution behavior for each tool call.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// The default treats every tool as task-capable, preserving the behavior of
+    /// <c>WithTasks</c>.
+    /// The callback may inspect <see cref="RequestContext{TParams}.MatchedPrimitive"/> to select
+    /// behavior from tool metadata without requiring Core to reference the Tasks extension.
+    /// </remarks>
+    public Func<RequestContext<CallToolRequestParams>, McpTaskExecutionMode> ExecutionModeSelector { get; set; } =
+        static _ => McpTaskExecutionMode.Optional;
+}
diff --git a/tests/ModelContextProtocol.AspNetCore.Tests/ServerConformanceTests.cs b/tests/ModelContextProtocol.AspNetCore.Tests/ServerConformanceTests.cs
index 059c5517d..2cb1d736e 100644
--- a/tests/ModelContextProtocol.AspNetCore.Tests/ServerConformanceTests.cs
+++ b/tests/ModelContextProtocol.AspNetCore.Tests/ServerConformanceTests.cs
@@ -129,18 +129,15 @@ public async Task RunMrtrConformanceTest(string scenario)
 
     [Theory]
     [InlineData("tasks-wire-fields")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-lifecycle")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-capability-negotiation")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-request-headers")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-dispatch-and-envelope")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-status-notifications")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-required-task-error")]
     [InlineData("tasks-request-state-removal")]
     [InlineData("tasks-mrtr-input")]
-    // Most remaining scenarios require per-tool task execution configuration that the SDK
-    // does not currently expose; status notifications await an upstream harness rewrite.
-    // Keep them listed here for incremental enablement.
-    // [InlineData("tasks-lifecycle")]
-    // [InlineData("tasks-capability-negotiation")]
-    // [InlineData("tasks-request-headers")]
-    // [InlineData("tasks-dispatch-and-envelope")]
-    // [InlineData("tasks-status-notifications")]
-    // [InlineData("tasks-required-task-error")]
-    // [InlineData("tasks-mrtr-composition")]
+    [InlineData("tasks-mrtr-composition")]
     public async Task RunTasksExtensionConformanceTest(string scenario)
     {
         Assert.SkipWhen(!NodeHelpers.IsNodeInstalled(), "Node.js is not installed. Skipping conformance tests.");
diff --git a/tests/ModelContextProtocol.ConformanceServer/Program.cs b/tests/ModelContextProtocol.ConformanceServer/Program.cs
index e195f7cf2..4c6c54f11 100644
--- a/tests/ModelContextProtocol.ConformanceServer/Program.cs
+++ b/tests/ModelContextProtocol.ConformanceServer/Program.cs
@@ -58,7 +58,18 @@ private static void ConfigureConformanceMcpServer(
                 {
                     DefaultPollIntervalMs = 50,
                     DefaultTimeToLive = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5),
-                })
+                },
+                options => options.ExecutionModeSelector = request =>
+                    request.Params?.Name switch
+                    {
+                        "slow_compute" or "protocol_error_job" or "confirm_delete" or "multi_input"
+                            => McpTaskExecutionMode.Optional,
+                        "failing_job"
+                            => McpTaskExecutionMode.Required,
+                        "test_tool_with_task" when request.Params.InputResponses is { Count: > 0 }
+                            => McpTaskExecutionMode.Required,
+                        _ => McpTaskExecutionMode.Synchronous,
+                    })
             .WithTools<ConformanceTools>()
             .WithTools<ConformanceTaskTools>()
             .WithTools<IncompleteResultTools>()
diff --git a/tests/ModelContextProtocol.Tests/Server/McpTaskStoreTests.cs b/tests/ModelContextProtocol.Tests/Server/McpTaskStoreTests.cs
index a904c87ed..ebf7ca4ad 100644
--- a/tests/ModelContextProtocol.Tests/Server/McpTaskStoreTests.cs
+++ b/tests/ModelContextProtocol.Tests/Server/McpTaskStoreTests.cs
@@ -33,7 +33,13 @@ protected override void ConfigureServices(ServiceCollection services, IMcpServer
             .WithTasks(new InMemoryMcpTaskStore
             {
                 DefaultPollIntervalMs = 50,
-            });
+            }, options => options.ExecutionModeSelector = request =>
+                request.Params?.Name switch
+                {
+                    "sync-tool" => McpTaskExecutionMode.Synchronous,
+                    "required-tool" => McpTaskExecutionMode.Required,
+                    _ => McpTaskExecutionMode.Optional,
+                });
     }
 
     [Fact]
@@ -52,6 +58,79 @@ public async Task CallToolAsTaskAsync_WithTaskCapability_ReturnsCreateTaskResult
         Assert.Equal(McpTaskStatus.Working, augmented.TaskCreated.Status);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task CallToolAsync_SynchronousExecutionMode_ReturnsResultDirectly()
+    {
+        await using McpClient client = await CreateMcpClientForServer();
+
+        CallToolResult result = await client.CallToolAsync(
+            "sync-tool",
+            cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+        Assert.Equal("sync", Assert.IsType<TextContentBlock>(result.Content[0]).Text);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task CallToolAsync_RequiredExecutionModeWithoutCapability_Throws()
+    {
+        await using McpClient client = await CreateMcpClientForServer();
+
+        MissingRequiredClientCapabilityException exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<MissingRequiredClientCapabilityException>(async () =>
+            await client.CallToolAsync(
+                "required-tool",
+                cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
+
+        Assert.Equal(McpErrorCode.MissingRequiredClientCapability, exception.ErrorCode);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task CallToolAsync_RequiredExecutionModeWithLegacyProtocol_Throws()
+    {
+        await using McpClient client = await CreateMcpClientForServer(new McpClientOptions
+        {
+            ProtocolVersion = McpProtocolVersions.November2025ProtocolVersion,
+        });
+
+        MissingRequiredClientCapabilityException exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<MissingRequiredClientCapabilityException>(async () =>
+            await client.CallToolAsync(
+                "required-tool",
+                cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
+
+        Assert.Equal(McpErrorCode.MissingRequiredClientCapability, exception.ErrorCode);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task CallToolAsTaskAsync_RequiredExecutionMode_ReturnsTask()
+    {
+        await using McpClient client = await CreateMcpClientForServer();
+
+        ResultOrCreatedTask<CallToolResult> result = await client.CallToolAsTaskAsync(
+            new CallToolRequestParams { Name = "required-tool" },
+            TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+        Assert.True(result.IsTask);
+
+        CallToolResult completedResult = await client.CallToolWithPollingAsync(
+            new CallToolRequestParams { Name = "required-tool" },
+            cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+        Assert.Equal("required", Assert.IsType<TextContentBlock>(completedResult.Content[0]).Text);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void WithTasks_NullExecutionModeSelector_Throws()
+    {
+        ServiceCollection services = new();
+
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(() =>
+            services
+                .AddMcpServer()
+                .WithStreamServerTransport(Stream.Null, Stream.Null)
+                .WithTasks(
+                    new InMemoryMcpTaskStore(),
+                    options => options.ExecutionModeSelector = null!));
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task CallToolAsync_WithTaskStore_PollsToCompletion()
     {
@@ -609,6 +688,12 @@ public async Task MultiElicit_ViaTask_HandlerCalledExactlyOncePerUniqueKey_Acros
     [McpServerToolType]
     private sealed class TaskStoreTestTools
     {
+        [McpServerTool(Name = "sync-tool")]
+        public static string SyncTool() => "sync";
+
+        [McpServerTool(Name = "required-tool")]
+        public static string RequiredTool() => "required";
+
         [McpServerTool(Name = "slow-tool"), System.ComponentModel.Description("A tool that takes time")]
         public static async Task<string> SlowTool(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {