diff --git a/tsc/internal/transformers/tstransforms/runtimesyntax.go b/tsc/internal/transformers/tstransforms/runtimesyntax.go
index 35c29262606b0..360a39e323b86 100644
--- a/tsc/internal/transformers/tstransforms/runtimesyntax.go
+++ b/tsc/internal/transformers/tstransforms/runtimesyntax.go
@@ -676,7 +676,10 @@ func (tx *RuntimeSyntaxTransformer) visitClassDeclaration(node *ast.ClassDeclara
 	}
 
 	name := tx.Visitor().VisitNode(node.Name())
-	if name == nil && (exported || ast.ChildIsDecorated(tx.compilerOptions.ExperimentalDecorators.IsTrue(), node.AsNode(), nil)) {
+	if name == nil && (exported ||
+		ast.ChildIsDecorated(tx.compilerOptions.ExperimentalDecorators.IsTrue(), node.AsNode(), nil) ||
+		node.ModifierFlags()&ast.ModifierFlagsExportDefault != ast.ModifierFlagsExportDefault &&
+			ast.NodeIsDecorated(tx.compilerOptions.ExperimentalDecorators.IsTrue(), node.AsNode(), nil, nil)) {
 		name = tx.Factory().NewGeneratedNameForNode(node.AsNode())
 	}
 	heritageClauses := tx.Visitor().VisitNodes(node.HeritageClauses)
diff --git a/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.errors.txt b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..4d3b3094a5b8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts(3,1): error TS1211: A class declaration without the 'default' modifier must have a name.
+anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts(8,1): error TS1029: 'export' modifier must precede 'default' modifier.
+
+
+==== anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts (2 errors) ====
+    declare var dec: any;
+    
+    @dec
+    ~
+!!! error TS1211: A class declaration without the 'default' modifier must have a name.
+    class {
+    }
+    
+    @dec
+    default class {
+    ~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1029: 'export' modifier must precede 'default' modifier.
+    }
+    
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.js b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..f86744e8696bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.js
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts] ////
+
+//// [anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts]
+declare var dec: any;
+
+@dec
+class {
+}
+
+@dec
+default class {
+}
+
+
+//// [anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.js]
+"use strict";
+var __esDecorate = (this && this.__esDecorate) || function (ctor, descriptorIn, decorators, contextIn, initializers, extraInitializers) {
+    function accept(f) { if (f !== void 0 && typeof f !== "function") throw new TypeError("Function expected"); return f; }
+    var kind = contextIn.kind, key = kind === "getter" ? "get" : kind === "setter" ? "set" : "value";
+    var target = !descriptorIn && ctor ? contextIn["static"] ? ctor : ctor.prototype : null;
+    var descriptor = descriptorIn || (target ? Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, contextIn.name) : {});
+    var _, done = false;
+    for (var i = decorators.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        var context = {};
+        for (var p in contextIn) context[p] = p === "access" ? {} : contextIn[p];
+        for (var p in contextIn.access) context.access[p] = contextIn.access[p];
+        context.addInitializer = function (f) { if (done) throw new TypeError("Cannot add initializers after decoration has completed"); extraInitializers.push(accept(f || null)); };
+        var result = (0, decorators[i])(kind === "accessor" ? { get: descriptor.get, set: descriptor.set } : descriptor[key], context);
+        if (kind === "accessor") {
+            if (result === void 0) continue;
+            if (result === null || typeof result !== "object") throw new TypeError("Object expected");
+            if (_ = accept(result.get)) descriptor.get = _;
+            if (_ = accept(result.set)) descriptor.set = _;
+            if (_ = accept(result.init)) initializers.unshift(_);
+        }
+        else if (_ = accept(result)) {
+            if (kind === "field") initializers.unshift(_);
+            else descriptor[key] = _;
+        }
+    }
+    if (target) Object.defineProperty(target, contextIn.name, descriptor);
+    done = true;
+};
+var __runInitializers = (this && this.__runInitializers) || function (thisArg, initializers, value) {
+    var useValue = arguments.length > 2;
+    for (var i = 0; i < initializers.length; i++) {
+        value = useValue ? initializers[i].call(thisArg, value) : initializers[i].call(thisArg);
+    }
+    return useValue ? value : void 0;
+};
+let default_1 = (() => {
+    let _classDecorators = [dec];
+    let _classDescriptor;
+    let _classExtraInitializers = [];
+    let _classThis;
+    var default_1 = class {
+        static { _classThis = this; }
+        static {
+            const _metadata = typeof Symbol === "function" && Symbol.metadata ? Object.create(null) : void 0;
+            __esDecorate(null, _classDescriptor = { value: _classThis }, _classDecorators, { kind: "class", name: _classThis.name, metadata: _metadata }, null, _classExtraInitializers);
+            default_1 = _classThis = _classDescriptor.value;
+            if (_metadata) Object.defineProperty(_classThis, Symbol.metadata, { enumerable: true, configurable: true, writable: true, value: _metadata });
+            __runInitializers(_classThis, _classExtraInitializers);
+        }
+    };
+    return default_1 = _classThis;
+})();
+default let default_2 = (() => {
+    let _classDecorators = [dec];
+    let _classDescriptor;
+    let _classExtraInitializers = [];
+    let _classThis;
+    var default_2 = class {
+        static { _classThis = this; }
+        static {
+            const _metadata = typeof Symbol === "function" && Symbol.metadata ? Object.create(null) : void 0;
+            __esDecorate(null, _classDescriptor = { value: _classThis }, _classDecorators, { kind: "class", name: _classThis.name, metadata: _metadata }, null, _classExtraInitializers);
+            default_2 = _classThis = _classDescriptor.value;
+            if (_metadata) Object.defineProperty(_classThis, Symbol.metadata, { enumerable: true, configurable: true, writable: true, value: _metadata });
+            __runInitializers(_classThis, _classExtraInitializers);
+        }
+    };
+    return default_2 = _classThis;
+})();
diff --git a/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.symbols b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6226357f045dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts] ////
+
+=== anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts ===
+declare var dec: any;
+>dec : Symbol(dec, Decl(anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts, 0, 11))
+
+@dec
+>dec : Symbol(dec, Decl(anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts, 0, 11))
+
+class {
+}
+
+@dec
+>dec : Symbol(dec, Decl(anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts, 0, 11))
+
+default class {
+}
+
diff --git a/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.types b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..5a49ff16e2d67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tsc/testdata/baselines/reference/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.types
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts] ////
+
+=== anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts ===
+declare var dec: any;
+>dec : any
+
+@dec
+>dec : any
+
+class {
+}
+
+@dec
+>dec : any
+
+default class {
+}
+
diff --git a/tsc/testdata/tests/cases/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts b/tsc/testdata/tests/cases/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e2ac4135013d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tsc/testdata/tests/cases/compiler/anonymousClassDeclarationWithClassDecorator.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// @target: es2022
+
+declare var dec: any;
+
+@dec
+class {
+}
+
+@dec
+default class {
+}