diff --git a/components/player/Player.vue b/components/player/Player.vue
index 04aed2fa..5b17a16b 100644
--- a/components/player/Player.vue
+++ b/components/player/Player.vue
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
         <p dir="auto" class="truncate text-sm font-semibold">{{ song.nextMedia.title }}</p>
         <p dir="auto" class="mt-1 truncate text-xs text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]">{{ song.nextMedia.artists }}</p>
       </div>
-      <PlayerQueue class="min-h-0 flex-1" :playlist="playlist || []" :program="program || []" :stations="stations || []" :active-station-id="activeStationId" :active-station-url="stationUrl" :country-name="countryName || $t(country)" :schedule-loading="queueLoading" :thumb="thumb" :station-name="streamName" @select-station="selectStation" />
+      <PlayerQueue class="min-h-0 flex-1" :playlist="playlist || []" :program="program || []" :stations="stations || []" :active-station-id="activeStationId" :active-station-url="stationUrl" :country-name="countryName || $t(country)" :schedule-loading="queueLoading" :schedule-source-url="scheduleSourceUrl" :schedule-is-reference="scheduleIsReference" :thumb="thumb" :station-name="streamName" @select-station="selectStation" />
     </aside>
   </Teleport>
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
         <p class="text-[10px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-wider text-rose-500">{{ $t('panel.next') }}</p>
         <p dir="auto" class="mt-2 truncate text-sm">{{ song.nextMedia.title }}</p>
       </div>
-      <PlayerQueue class="min-h-0 flex-1" :playlist="playlist || []" :program="program || []" :stations="stations || []" :active-station-id="activeStationId" :active-station-url="stationUrl" :country-name="countryName || $t(country)" :schedule-loading="queueLoading" :thumb="thumb" :station-name="streamName" @select-station="selectStation" />
+      <PlayerQueue class="min-h-0 flex-1" :playlist="playlist || []" :program="program || []" :stations="stations || []" :active-station-id="activeStationId" :active-station-url="stationUrl" :country-name="countryName || $t(country)" :schedule-loading="queueLoading" :schedule-source-url="scheduleSourceUrl" :schedule-is-reference="scheduleIsReference" :thumb="thumb" :station-name="streamName" @select-station="selectStation" />
     </template>
   </USlideover>
   <UModal v-model:open="nowPlayingOpen" fullscreen :title="$t('redesign.now_playing')" :ui="{ content: 'bg-[var(--radio-page-bg)]' }" @after:leave="finishPlayerAction">
@@ -237,6 +237,8 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   activeStationId?: string;
   countryName?: string;
   queueLoading?: boolean;
+  scheduleSourceUrl?: string;
+  scheduleIsReference?: boolean;
   stationUrl?: string;
   lyricsAvailable?: boolean;
   playRequest?: number;
diff --git a/components/player/Queue.vue b/components/player/Queue.vue
index 4f82e905..a51ada2b 100644
--- a/components/player/Queue.vue
+++ b/components/player/Queue.vue
@@ -24,6 +24,17 @@
       </div>
 
       <p v-if="scheduleLoading" class="mt-2 text-[11px] text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]" aria-live="polite">{{ $t('player.schedule_loading') }}</p>
+      <div v-if="activeTab === 'schedule' && scheduleSourceUrl" class="mt-3 space-y-1 text-xs leading-5">
+        <p class="text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]">
+          {{ $t(scheduleIsReference ? 'panel.schedule_reference_note' : 'panel.schedule_official_note') }}
+        </p>
+        <a :href="scheduleSourceUrl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"
+          class="inline-flex min-h-9 items-center gap-1.5 font-semibold text-rose-700 underline-offset-4 hover:underline dark:text-rose-300">
+          {{ $t('panel.schedule_official_link') }}
+          <UIcon name="i-lucide-external-link" class="h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden="true" />
+        </a>
+        <p v-if="scheduleIsReference" class="text-[11px] text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]">{{ $t('panel.schedule_vietnam_timezone') }}</p>
+      </div>
 
       <div
         v-if="activeTab === 'stations' && hasStations"
@@ -133,13 +144,13 @@
             :key="programKey(item, index)"
             class="relative grid grid-cols-[72px_minmax(0,1fr)] gap-3 overflow-hidden rounded-xl px-2.5 py-2.5 transition"
             :class="
-              index === 0
+              isCurrentProgram(item, index)
                 ? 'bg-[var(--radio-surface-soft)] ring-1 ring-inset ring-[var(--radio-border)]'
                 : 'hover:bg-[var(--radio-hover)]'
             "
           >
             <span
-              v-if="index === 0"
+              v-if="isCurrentProgram(item, index)"
               class="absolute inset-y-2 left-0 w-0.5 rounded-full bg-rose-500"
               aria-hidden="true"
             ></span>
@@ -148,12 +159,12 @@
               class="rounded-lg bg-[var(--radio-surface)] px-2 py-1.5 text-xs font-semibold tabular-nums text-[var(--radio-text)] ring-1 ring-inset ring-[var(--radio-border)]"
             >
               <template v-if="item.startTime">
-                <div>{{ dayjs.unix(item.startTime).format("HH:mm") }}</div>
+                <div>{{ formatProgramTime(item.startTime) }}</div>
                 <div
                   v-if="item.endTime"
                   class="mt-0.5 text-[10px] font-normal text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]"
                 >
-                  {{ dayjs.unix(item.endTime).format("HH:mm") }}
+                  {{ formatProgramTime(item.endTime) }}
                 </div>
               </template>
               <template v-else>—</template>
@@ -177,7 +188,7 @@
           </div>
         </template>
 
-        <template v-else>
+        <template v-else-if="playlist.length">
           <div
             v-for="(item, index) in playlist"
             :key="playlistKey(item, index)"
@@ -227,6 +238,9 @@
             </span>
           </div>
         </template>
+        <p v-else-if="scheduleSourceUrl" class="p-3 text-sm leading-6 text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]">
+          {{ $t('panel.schedule_provider_only') }}
+        </p>
       </div>
     </div>
   </section>
@@ -266,6 +280,8 @@ const props = withDefaults(
     stationName: string;
     countryName?: string;
     scheduleLoading?: boolean;
+    scheduleSourceUrl?: string;
+    scheduleIsReference?: boolean;
   }>(),
   {
     playlist: () => [],
@@ -275,6 +291,8 @@ const props = withDefaults(
     activeStationUrl: "",
     countryName: "",
     scheduleLoading: false,
+    scheduleSourceUrl: "",
+    scheduleIsReference: false,
   },
 );
 
@@ -295,7 +313,7 @@ const isActiveStation = (station: RadioStationOption): boolean =>
     ? station.url === props.activeStationUrl
     : station.id === props.activeStationId;
 const hasSchedule = computed(
-  () => props.playlist.length > 0 || props.program.length > 0,
+  () => props.playlist.length > 0 || props.program.length > 0 || Boolean(props.scheduleSourceUrl),
 );
 const scheduleCount = computed(
   () => props.program.length || props.playlist.length,
@@ -359,6 +377,19 @@ watch([hasStations, hasSchedule], ([stationsReady, scheduleReady]) => {
   }
 });
 
+const vietnamTimeFormatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-GB', {
+  timeZone: 'Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', hourCycle: 'h23',
+});
+const formatProgramTime = (timestamp: number): string => props.scheduleIsReference
+  ? vietnamTimeFormatter.format(new Date(timestamp * 1000))
+  : dayjs.unix(timestamp).format('HH:mm');
+// Provider EPG usually puts the current programme first. The reference
+// guide must never falsely highlight its first (morning) slot as "on air".
+const isCurrentProgram = (item: ProgramItem, index: number): boolean =>
+  props.scheduleIsReference
+    ? Boolean(item.startTime && item.endTime && item.startTime <= Date.now() / 1000 && item.endTime > Date.now() / 1000)
+    : index === 0;
+
 const playlistKey = (item: PlaylistItem, index: number): string =>
   [item.track_title, item.track_artist, item.track_played, index].join("-");
 
diff --git a/components/player/Session.vue b/components/player/Session.vue
index 571490c9..b348f93c 100644
--- a/components/player/Session.vue
+++ b/components/player/Session.vue
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
     :playlist="playlist"
     :song="song"
     :queue-loading="loading"
+    :schedule-source-url="scheduleSourceUrl"
+    :schedule-is-reference="scheduleIsReference"
     :lyrics-available="isZingStation"
     @select-station="selectStation"
     @open-lyrics="lyricsOpen = true"
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ import type { RadioSource, RadioStationOption } from '~/types/radio';
 const playback = usePlaybackStore();
 useRestoreLastStation();
 const { station } = storeToRefs(playback);
-const { program, playlist, song, lyrics, lyricsOpen, loading, isZingStation } = useStationRealtime();
+const { program, playlist, song, lyrics, lyricsOpen, loading, isZingStation, scheduleSourceUrl, scheduleIsReference } = useStationRealtime();
 const emptySource: RadioSource = { src: '', type: 'audio/mpeg' };
 const emptySources: RadioSource[] = [];
 
diff --git a/composables/useStationRealtime.ts b/composables/useStationRealtime.ts
index 8fb08215..7c9e1d5b 100644
--- a/composables/useStationRealtime.ts
+++ b/composables/useStationRealtime.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { usePlaybackStore } from '~/stores/playback';
 import type { RadioProgram, RadioSong, RadioTrack } from '~/types/radio';
 import { isZingScheduleUrl } from '~/utils/station-schedule.mjs';
+import { getVietnamSchedule, vietnamReferencePrograms } from '~/utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs';
 import { createStationPolling } from '~/utils/station-polling.mjs';
 import { resolveLiveTrack } from '~/utils/live-track.mjs';
 
@@ -17,6 +18,9 @@ export function useStationRealtime() {
   let clientReady = false;
 
   const isZingStation = computed(() => isZingScheduleUrl(playback.station?.schedule));
+  const referenceSchedule = computed(() => getVietnamSchedule(playback.station?.url));
+  const scheduleSourceUrl = computed(() => referenceSchedule.value?.sourceUrl || '');
+  const scheduleIsReference = computed(() => Boolean(referenceSchedule.value));
   const timestampUrl = (url: string) => /[?&](?:time|timestamp)=$/i.test(url) ? `${url}${Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)}` : url;
 
   const fetchLyric = async (id: string, signal: AbortSignal): Promise<string[]> => {
@@ -71,7 +75,9 @@ export function useStationRealtime() {
   });
 
   const activate = () => {
-    program.value = [];
+    // When the broadcaster provides a daily reference guide but no accessible
+    // realtime EPG API, show its sourced time slots without fake network calls.
+    program.value = vietnamReferencePrograms(playback.station?.url);
     playlist.value = [];
     song.value = undefined;
     playback.setLiveTrack(playback.station?.url || '', null);
@@ -81,13 +87,23 @@ export function useStationRealtime() {
     polling.start(playback.station?.schedule || '');
   };
   watch(() => playback.station?.url, activate);
+  let referenceTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null;
   onMounted(() => {
     clientReady = true;
     activate();
+    // Update the local Vietnam date at midnight; leave provider EPG polling
+    // untouched and never reinitialize audio merely because the date changed.
+    referenceTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      const path = playback.station?.url;
+      if (!referenceSchedule.value?.slots.length) return;
+      const next = vietnamReferencePrograms(path);
+      if (next[0]?.startTime !== program.value[0]?.startTime) program.value = next;
+    }, 60_000);
   });
   onBeforeUnmount(() => {
     clientReady = false;
     polling.stop();
+    if (referenceTimer) clearInterval(referenceTimer);
   });
-  return { program, playlist, song, lyrics, lyricsOpen, loading, isZingStation };
+  return { program, playlist, song, lyrics, lyricsOpen, loading, isZingStation, scheduleSourceUrl, scheduleIsReference };
 }
diff --git a/docs/VIETNAM_SCHEDULES.md b/docs/VIETNAM_SCHEDULES.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8ff02f85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/VIETNAM_SCHEDULES.md
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Vietnamese radio programme guides
+
+## Scope
+
+The station pages and the player **Schedule** panel offer a broadcaster-sourced
+reference guide for three VOV Traffic services:
+
+| Catalog station | Official broadcaster programme guide | Included |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `vov-giao-thong` (Hà Nội) | https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-hn/ | Reference programme blocks |
+| `vov-gt-hcm` (TP.HCM) | https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-hcm/ | Reference programme blocks |
+| `vov-mekong` (Mê Kông) | https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-mk/ | Reference programme blocks |
+| `vov1` | https://vov1.vov.vn/ | Official link only (daily schedules vary) |
+| `vov3` | https://vov3.vov.vn/lich-phat-song | Official link only (daily schedules vary) |
+| `voh-fm-99.9-mhz` | https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule | Official link only |
+| `voh-fm-95.6-mhz` | https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule | Official link only |
+| `voh-fm-87.7-mhz` | https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule | Official link only |
+| `voh-am-610khz` | https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule | Official link only |
+
+The programmes are reference time blocks extracted from the broadcaster's
+public guides in October 2026, not a live EPG and not a promise that each slot
+will air every day. Provider schedules may contain omissions, overlapping
+segments and occasional variations. **Do not extrapolate a missing interval**
+or silently label the first schedule row as "Now playing." The public UI always
+discloses the reference status and opens the official site in a safe new tab.
+
+All listed times are **Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh (UTC+7)**, not the browser's local
+timezone. The programme model computes Unix timestamps at Vietnam local midnight
+so a listener elsewhere sees the correct broadcast day and clock labels.
+The station page displays the reference guide even before playing; selecting
+the station also exposes it in the existing Queue → Schedule tab.
+
+The station registry is in `utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs`, independent of
+the existing remote Zing and provincial schedule providers. Its lookups are
+based on the canonical `/asia/viet-nam/<station>` route. The registry does
+not make requests while SSR prerenders thousands of pages.
+
+## Updating
+
+- Verify exact programme names and time windows on each **official source**.
+- Update the relevant station entry only; never copy a Hà Nội schedule to HCM
+  or Mê Kông. Keep source links, timezone and reference disclaimer.
+- Do not schedule recurring updates from unofficial scrapers. If a stable,
+  permitted real-time EPG is available in the future, it may supersede these
+  reference entries through the existing polling API, with source validation,
+  caching, and a fallback when the broadcaster fails.
+- Run `npm test`; the dedicated checks are in
+  `tests/vietnam-schedules.test.mjs`.
diff --git a/lang/en-US.json b/lang/en-US.json
index dedcda7e..56619a72 100644
--- a/lang/en-US.json
+++ b/lang/en-US.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "Description",
     "category": "Category",
     "schedule": "Schedule",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "Reference programme times from the broadcaster. Daily programming may change; check the official guide for the latest schedule.",
+    "schedule_official_note": "Official broadcast schedule source.",
+    "schedule_official_link": "View official schedule",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "Vietnam time (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "The daily schedule varies. See the broadcaster's official guide for updated programmes.",
     "playlist": "Playlist",
     "next": "Next",
     "lyric": "Lyrics",
diff --git a/lang/fr-FR.json b/lang/fr-FR.json
index 6b35f953..a29ecdc3 100644
--- a/lang/fr-FR.json
+++ b/lang/fr-FR.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "Description",
     "category": "Catégorie",
     "schedule": "Programme",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "Horaires indicatifs de la station, susceptibles de changer selon le jour. Consultez le programme officiel.",
+    "schedule_official_note": "Source officielle des programmes.",
+    "schedule_official_link": "Voir le programme officiel",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "Heure du Vietnam (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "La programmation varie selon le jour. Consultez le site officiel de la station.",
     "playlist": "Liste de lecture",
     "next": "Suivant",
     "lyric": "Paroles",
diff --git a/lang/ja-JP.json b/lang/ja-JP.json
index e21eb394..1e759b2a 100644
--- a/lang/ja-JP.json
+++ b/lang/ja-JP.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "説明",
     "category": "カテゴリー",
     "schedule": "スケジュール",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "放送局の参考番組表です。日によって変更される場合があります。最新情報は公式番組表をご確認ください。",
+    "schedule_official_note": "放送局の公式番組表。",
+    "schedule_official_link": "公式番組表を見る",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "ベトナム時間 (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "日によって番組が異なります。最新の番組表は公式サイトでご覧ください。",
     "playlist": "プレイリスト",
     "next": "次",
     "lyric": "歌詞",
diff --git a/lang/ru-RU.json b/lang/ru-RU.json
index 945428bb..46790038 100644
--- a/lang/ru-RU.json
+++ b/lang/ru-RU.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "Описание",
     "category": "Категория",
     "schedule": "Программа передач",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "Ориентировочные часы программ по данным вещателя. Расписание может меняться; актуальные данные — на официальном сайте.",
+    "schedule_official_note": "Официальный источник программы передач.",
+    "schedule_official_link": "Открыть официальное расписание",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "Время Вьетнама (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "Программы могут меняться каждый день. Проверьте официальный сайт радиостанции.",
     "playlist": "Плейлист",
     "next": "Следующий",
     "lyric": "Текст песни",
diff --git a/lang/vi-VN.json b/lang/vi-VN.json
index 0598e0d9..878c8c4c 100644
--- a/lang/vi-VN.json
+++ b/lang/vi-VN.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "Mô tả",
     "category": "Thể Loại",
     "schedule": "Lịch phát sóng",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "Khung giờ tham khảo từ đài phát thanh; chương trình có thể thay đổi theo ngày. Xem lịch chính thức để kiểm tra mới nhất.",
+    "schedule_official_note": "Nguồn lịch chính thức của đài phát thanh.",
+    "schedule_official_link": "Xem lịch chính thức",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "Giờ Việt Nam (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "Lịch cụ thể thay đổi theo ngày; vui lòng xem tại website chính thức của đài.",
     "playlist": "Danh sách phát",
     "next": "Kế tiếp",
     "lyric": "Lời bài hát",
diff --git a/lang/zh-CN.json b/lang/zh-CN.json
index 77150aae..9216374b 100644
--- a/lang/zh-CN.json
+++ b/lang/zh-CN.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "描述",
     "category": "分类",
     "schedule": "节目表",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "以下为广播台提供的参考时段，节目可能因日期而变化。请查看官方节目表获取最新信息。",
+    "schedule_official_note": "广播台官方节目表来源。",
+    "schedule_official_link": "查看官方节目表",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "越南时间 (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "每日节目可能不同，请查看广播台官方网站。",
     "playlist": "播放列表",
     "next": "下一个",
     "lyric": "歌词",
diff --git a/lang/zh-TW.json b/lang/zh-TW.json
index fadd94d4..9d219ba0 100644
--- a/lang/zh-TW.json
+++ b/lang/zh-TW.json
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     "description": "描述",
     "category": "類別",
     "schedule": "節目表",
+    "schedule_reference_note": "以下為電台提供的參考時段，節目可能依日期調整。請查看官方節目表取得最新資訊。",
+    "schedule_official_note": "電台官方節目表來源。",
+    "schedule_official_link": "查看官方節目表",
+    "schedule_vietnam_timezone": "越南時間 (UTC+7)",
+    "schedule_provider_only": "每日節目可能不同，請查看電台官方網站。",
     "playlist": "播放清單",
     "next": "下一個",
     "lyric": "歌詞",
diff --git a/pages/[area]/[country]/[station].vue b/pages/[area]/[country]/[station].vue
index 02de8f42..90f71078 100644
--- a/pages/[area]/[country]/[station].vue
+++ b/pages/[area]/[country]/[station].vue
@@ -63,6 +63,34 @@
       </div>
     </section>
 
+    <section v-if="officialSchedule" class="radio-surface space-y-4 px-4 py-5 sm:px-6" :aria-label="$t('panel.schedule')">
+      <div class="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3">
+        <div>
+          <h2 class="text-lg font-semibold">{{ $t('panel.schedule') }}</h2>
+          <p class="mt-1 text-xs leading-5 text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]">
+            {{ $t('panel.schedule_vietnam_timezone') }}
+          </p>
+        </div>
+        <a :href="officialSchedule.sourceUrl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"
+          class="radio-interactive inline-flex min-h-11 items-center gap-2 rounded-xl border border-[var(--radio-border)] px-3 text-sm font-semibold text-rose-700 hover:bg-[var(--radio-hover)] dark:text-rose-300">
+          {{ $t('panel.schedule_official_link') }}
+          <UIcon name="i-lucide-external-link" class="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
+        </a>
+      </div>
+      <p class="text-sm leading-6 text-[var(--radio-text-muted)]">
+        {{ $t(officialPrograms.length ? 'panel.schedule_reference_note' : 'panel.schedule_provider_only') }}
+      </p>
+      <ol v-if="officialPrograms.length" class="grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-2">
+        <li v-for="item in officialPrograms" :key="item.startTime"
+          class="flex min-w-0 gap-3 rounded-xl bg-[var(--radio-surface-soft)] px-3 py-2.5">
+          <span class="shrink-0 text-xs font-semibold tabular-nums text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300">
+            {{ formatVietnamTime(item.startTime) }}–{{ formatVietnamTime(item.endTime) }}
+          </span>
+          <span dir="auto" class="min-w-0 text-sm leading-5 text-[var(--radio-text)]">{{ item.title }}</span>
+        </li>
+      </ol>
+    </section>
+
     <PanelStation
       @select-station="playSelected"
       :stations="stations"
@@ -80,6 +108,7 @@ import { stationSocialImage } from "~/utils/station-og-deployment.mjs";
 import type { RadioCatalogEntry as StationCatalogEntry, RadioStationOption } from "~/types/radio";
 import { usePlaybackStore } from "~/stores/playback";
 import { createPlaybackStation } from "~/utils/playback-station.mjs";
+import { getVietnamSchedule, vietnamReferencePrograms } from '~/utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs';
 import {
   buildBreadcrumbSchema,
   buildRadioStationSchema,
@@ -198,6 +227,13 @@ const areaName = computed(() =>
 const stationPath = computed(
   () => `/${area.value}/${slug.value}/${stationSlug.value}`,
 );
+const officialSchedule = computed(() => getVietnamSchedule(stationPath.value));
+const officialPrograms = computed(() => vietnamReferencePrograms(stationPath.value));
+const vietnamTimeFormatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-GB', {
+  timeZone: 'Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', hourCycle: 'h23',
+});
+const formatVietnamTime = (unix?: number) => unix ? vietnamTimeFormatter.format(new Date(unix * 1000)) : '—';
+
 const stationName = computed(
   () =>
     stationMeta.value?.title ||
diff --git a/tests/vietnam-schedules.test.mjs b/tests/vietnam-schedules.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8f3753d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/vietnam-schedules.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import {
+  VIETNAM_SCHEDULE_TIMEZONE,
+  VIETNAM_SCHEDULES,
+  getVietnamSchedule,
+  vietnamDateKey,
+  vietnamMidnightUtc,
+  vietnamReferencePrograms,
+} from '../utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs';
+
+test('Vietnam station schedules map only exact supported station paths to official broadcaster URLs', () => {
+  assert.equal(VIETNAM_SCHEDULE_TIMEZONE, 'Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh');
+  assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule('/asia/viet-nam/vov-giao-thong').sourceUrl, 'https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-hn/');
+  assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule('/asia/viet-nam/vov-gt-hcm').sourceUrl, 'https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-hcm/');
+  assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule('/asia/viet-nam/vov-mekong').sourceUrl, 'https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-mk/');
+  assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule('/asia/viet-nam/vov1').sourceUrl, 'https://vov1.vov.vn/');
+  assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule('/asia/viet-nam/vov3').sourceUrl, 'https://vov3.vov.vn/lich-phat-song');
+  for (const id of ['voh-fm-99.9-mhz', 'voh-fm-95.6-mhz', 'voh-fm-87.7-mhz', 'voh-am-610khz']) {
+    assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule('/asia/viet-nam/' + id).sourceUrl, 'https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule');
+    assert.deepEqual(vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/' + id), []);
+  }
+  for (const path of ['/europe/united-kingdom/vov-gt-hcm', '/asia/viet-nam/other', '/asia/viet-nam/vov1?test=1', null, '', '/asia/viet-nam/../vov1']) {
+    assert.equal(getVietnamSchedule(path), null);
+    assert.deepEqual(vietnamReferencePrograms(path), []);
+  }
+});
+
+test('radio station guides have validated, chronological, non-overlapping source windows', () => {
+  for (const [id, info] of Object.entries(VIETNAM_SCHEDULES)) {
+    assert.match(info.sourceUrl, /^https:\/\/(?:vovgiaothong\.vn|vov1\.vov\.vn|vov3\.vov\.vn|voh\.com\.vn)\//);
+    let priorEnd = 0;
+    for (const [start, end, name] of info.slots) {
+      assert.match(start, /^\d\d:\d\d$/);
+      assert.match(end, /^\d\d:\d\d$/);
+      assert.equal(typeof name, 'string');
+      assert.ok(name.length > 2);
+      const toMinutes = v => Number(v.slice(0, 2)) * 60 + Number(v.slice(3, 5));
+      assert.ok(toMinutes(start) >= priorEnd, id + ': overlap or unordered ' + start);
+      assert.ok(toMinutes(end) > toMinutes(start), id + ': invalid interval ' + end);
+      priorEnd = toMinutes(end);
+    }
+  }
+  assert.ok(vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/vov-giao-thong').length >= 10);
+  assert.ok(vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/vov-gt-hcm').length >= 7);
+  assert.ok(vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/vov-mekong').length >= 6);
+  assert.deepEqual(vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/vov1'), [], 'do not invent VOV1 daily slots');
+});
+
+test('programmes are anchored in Vietnam UTC+7, independent of the listener time zone', () => {
+  // 17:30 UTC is already the next day (00:30) in Vietnam.
+  const instant = new Date('2026-10-14T17:30:00.000Z');
+  assert.equal(vietnamDateKey(instant), '2026-10-15');
+  assert.equal(new Date(vietnamMidnightUtc(instant)).toISOString(), '2026-10-14T17:00:00.000Z');
+  const hanoi = vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/vov-giao-thong', instant);
+  assert.equal(new Date(hanoi[0].startTime * 1000).toISOString(), '2026-10-14T21:00:00.000Z'); // 04:00 ICT
+  assert.equal(new Date(hanoi[0].endTime * 1000).toISOString(), '2026-10-14T22:30:00.000Z'); // 05:30 ICT
+  assert.ok(hanoi.every((item, i) => item.endTime > item.startTime && (!i || hanoi[i - 1].endTime <= item.startTime)));
+  const yesterday = vietnamReferencePrograms('/asia/viet-nam/vov-giao-thong', new Date('2026-10-14T16:30:00.000Z'));
+  assert.equal(hanoi[0].startTime - yesterday[0].startTime, 86400);
+});
+
+test('player and detail page expose sourced schedule, not falsely a current broadcast', async () => {
+  const { readFile } = await import('node:fs/promises');
+  const realtime = await readFile(new URL('../composables/useStationRealtime.ts', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+  const queue = await readFile(new URL('../components/player/Queue.vue', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+  const page = await readFile(new URL('../pages/[area]/[country]/[station].vue', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+  assert.match(realtime, /vietnamReferencePrograms\(playback\.station\?\.url\)/);
+  assert.match(realtime, /scheduleSourceUrl/);
+  assert.match(queue, /schedule_reference_note/);
+  assert.match(queue, /schedule_official_link/);
+  assert.match(queue, /formatProgramTime/);
+  assert.match(queue, /isCurrentProgram/);
+  assert.match(page, /vietnamReferencePrograms\(stationPath\.value\)/);
+  assert.match(page, /officialSchedule\.sourceUrl/);
+});
diff --git a/utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs b/utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a31decc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/vietnam-schedules.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// Public programme guides checked against the broadcasters' own pages.
+// These are REFERENCE time slots, not real-time provider EPG responses.
+// Do not present them as guaranteed broadcasts for every calendar day.
+export const VIETNAM_SCHEDULE_TIMEZONE = 'Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh';
+export const VIETNAM_SCHEDULES = Object.freeze({
+  'vov-giao-thong': {
+    sourceUrl: 'https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-hn/',
+    slots: [
+      ['04:00','05:30','Nhạc Việt Nam'],
+      ['05:30','06:30','Nhạc quốc tế'],
+      ['06:30','08:15','Giờ cao điểm sáng'],
+      ['08:15','09:15','Giờ cao điểm sáng'],
+      ['09:15','10:30','Đời sống thị thành'],
+      ['10:30','12:00','Giờ cao điểm trưa'],
+      ['12:30','14:30','Đường tình ca – Trên mọi nẻo đường'],
+      ['14:30','16:30','FM91 – Buổi chiều'],
+      ['16:30','19:40','Giờ cao điểm chiều'],
+      ['19:40','20:00','FM Bất động sản'],
+      ['20:00','21:30','Kết nối yêu thương'],
+      ['21:30','23:00','Đường tin 91 – Đường khuya'],
+    ],
+  },
+  'vov-gt-hcm': {
+    sourceUrl: 'https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-hcm/',
+    slots: [
+      ['04:00','05:00','Nhạc quốc tế'],
+      ['05:00','06:30','Nhạc Việt Nam'],
+      ['06:30','08:00','Giờ cao điểm sáng'],
+      ['09:00','10:30','Đời sống thị thành'],
+      ['10:30','11:00','Giờ cao điểm trưa'],
+      ['12:30','14:30','Đường tình ca – Trên mọi nẻo đường'],
+      ['14:30','16:15','FM91 – Buổi chiều'],
+      ['16:30','19:00','Giờ cao điểm chiều'],
+    ],
+  },
+  'vov-mekong': {
+    sourceUrl: 'https://vovgiaothong.vn/lich-phat-song-mk/',
+    slots: [
+      ['06:00','07:00','Bình minh châu thổ – Chào ngày mới'],
+      ['07:00','08:00','Bình minh châu thổ – Chuyện đồng bằng'],
+      ['08:00','09:00','Bình minh châu thổ – Tin phương Nam'],
+      ['10:30','12:00','Đứng bóng mặt trời'],
+      ['14:00','16:30','Quà tặng âm nhạc'],
+      ['16:30','18:00','Đường về hoàng hôn'],
+      ['18:00','19:00','Đường về hoàng hôn – Bản tin miền Tây'],
+    ],
+  },
+  // Daily programmes on these channels vary. Link directly to the official
+  // live guide instead of inventing a repeating timetable.
+  vov1: { sourceUrl: 'https://vov1.vov.vn/', slots: [] },
+  vov3: { sourceUrl: 'https://vov3.vov.vn/lich-phat-song', slots: [] },
+  // VOH publishes per-channel daily schedules; do not freeze its rotating
+  // shows into a made-up recurring guide.
+  'voh-fm-99.9-mhz': { sourceUrl: 'https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule', slots: [] },
+  'voh-fm-95.6-mhz': { sourceUrl: 'https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule', slots: [] },
+  'voh-fm-87.7-mhz': { sourceUrl: 'https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule', slots: [] },
+  'voh-am-610khz': { sourceUrl: 'https://voh.com.vn/radios/schedule', slots: [] },
+});
+
+const clockMinutes = clock => {
+  if (!/^(?:[01]\d|2[0-3]):[0-5]\d$|^24:00$/.test(clock)) return -1;
+  const [hours, minutes] = clock.split(':').map(Number);
+  return hours * 60 + minutes;
+};
+
+export const getVietnamSchedule = stationPath => {
+  const match = /^\/asia\/viet-nam\/([a-z0-9.-]+)$/.exec(stationPath || '');
+  return match ? VIETNAM_SCHEDULES[match[1]] || null : null;
+};
+
+export const vietnamDateKey = (instant = new Date()) => {
+  const formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', {
+    timeZone: VIETNAM_SCHEDULE_TIMEZONE,
+    year: 'numeric', month: '2-digit', day: '2-digit',
+  });
+  const pieces = Object.fromEntries(formatter.formatToParts(instant)
+    .filter(part => part.type !== 'literal').map(part => [part.type, part.value]));
+  return [pieces.year, pieces.month, pieces.day].join('-');
+};
+
+// Vietnam does not observe DST; convert its local midnight to a UTC instant.
+export const vietnamMidnightUtc = (instant = new Date()) => {
+  const [year, month, day] = vietnamDateKey(instant).split('-').map(Number);
+  return Date.UTC(year, month - 1, day) - 7 * 3_600_000;
+};
+
+export const vietnamReferencePrograms = (stationPath, instant = new Date()) => {
+  const schedule = getVietnamSchedule(stationPath);
+  if (!schedule?.slots?.length) return [];
+  const midnight = vietnamMidnightUtc(instant);
+  return schedule.slots.flatMap(([start, end, title]) => {
+    const from = clockMinutes(start);
+    const to = clockMinutes(end);
+    if (from < 0 || to < 0 || to <= from || !title) return [];
+    return [{
+      startTime: Math.floor((midnight + from * 60_000) / 1000),
+      endTime: Math.floor((midnight + to * 60_000) / 1000),
+      title,
+      description: '',
+    }];
+  });
+};