diff --git a/__tests__/ut/commands/list_test.ts b/__tests__/ut/commands/list_test.ts
index 4dfebc69..236c943d 100644
--- a/__tests__/ut/commands/list_test.ts
+++ b/__tests__/ut/commands/list_test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import List from '../../../src/subCommands/list';
 import FC from '../../../src/resources/fc';
 import { IInputs } from '../../../src/interface';
-import { tableShow } from '../../../src/utils';
+import { isAppCenter, tableShow } from '../../../src/utils';
+import logger from '../../../src/logger';
 
 // Mock dependencies
 jest.mock('../../../src/resources/fc');
@@ -12,17 +13,24 @@ jest.mock('../../../src/logger', () => ({
   error: jest.fn(),
   warn: jest.fn(),
   log: jest.fn(),
+  write: jest.fn(),
 }));
-jest.mock('../../../src/utils', () => ({
-  tableShow: jest.fn(),
-  isAppCenter: jest.fn(),
-  getUserAgent: jest.fn((userAgent, command) => {
-    return (
-      userAgent ||
-      `Component:fc3;Nodejs:${process.version};OS:${process.platform}-${process.arch};command:${command}`
-    );
-  }),
-}));
+jest.mock('../../../src/utils', () => {
+  const actual = jest.requireActual('../../../src/utils');
+  return {
+    tableShow: jest.fn(),
+    isAppCenter: jest.fn(),
+    getUserAgent: jest.fn((userAgent, command) => {
+      return (
+        userAgent ||
+        `Component:fc3;Nodejs:${process.version};OS:${process.platform}-${process.arch};command:${command}`
+      );
+    }),
+    MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES: actual.MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES,
+    estimateRenderLines: actual.estimateRenderLines,
+    isDefaultRenderOutput: actual.isDefaultRenderOutput,
+  };
+});
 
 describe('List', () => {
   let list: List;
@@ -237,6 +245,91 @@ describe('List', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('run - output too large for the default renderer', () => {
+    // 每个函数约 6 个字段，2 万个函数 > MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES(5w) 行
+    const hugeFunctionsArray = Array.from({ length: 20000 }, (_v, i) => ({
+      functionName: `test-func-${i}`,
+      runtime: 'nodejs18',
+      handler: 'index.handler',
+      memorySize: 128,
+      state: 'Active',
+      lastModifiedTime: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+    }));
+
+    let originalArgv: string[];
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      originalArgv = process.argv;
+      // clearAllMocks 不会清掉 mockReturnValue，这里显式回到默认值
+      (isAppCenter as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(false);
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      process.argv = originalArgv;
+    });
+
+    it('should print raw JSON instead of returning it when the default output format is used', async () => {
+      process.argv = ['node', 's', 'cli', 'fc3', 'list'];
+      mockInputs.args = [];
+      list = new List(mockInputs);
+      mockFcSdk.listFunctions = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(hugeFunctionsArray);
+
+      const result = await list.run();
+      expect(result).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(logger.warn).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.stringContaining('20000 functions'));
+      expect(logger.write).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        JSON.stringify({ functions: hugeFunctionsArray }, null, 2),
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('should return the result untouched when an output format is specified', async () => {
+      process.argv = ['node', 's', 'cli', 'fc3', 'list', '-o', 'json'];
+      mockInputs.args = [];
+      list = new List(mockInputs);
+      mockFcSdk.listFunctions = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(hugeFunctionsArray);
+
+      const result = await list.run();
+      expect(result).toEqual({ functions: hugeFunctionsArray });
+      expect(logger.write).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should return the result untouched when it is small enough to render', async () => {
+      process.argv = ['node', 's', 'cli', 'fc3', 'list'];
+      mockInputs.args = [];
+      list = new List(mockInputs);
+      mockFcSdk.listFunctions = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockFunctionsArray);
+
+      const result = await list.run();
+      expect(result).toEqual({ functions: mockFunctionsArray });
+      expect(logger.write).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should return the result untouched for programmatic app center callers', async () => {
+      process.argv = ['node', 's', 'cli', 'fc3', 'list'];
+      (isAppCenter as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(true);
+      mockInputs.args = [];
+      list = new List(mockInputs);
+      mockFcSdk.listFunctions = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(hugeFunctionsArray);
+
+      const result = await list.run();
+      expect(result).toEqual({ functions: hugeFunctionsArray });
+      expect(logger.write).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should also guard the single page path', async () => {
+      process.argv = ['node', 's', 'cli', 'fc3', 'list'];
+      mockInputs.args = ['--limit', '20000'];
+      list = new List(mockInputs);
+      mockFcSdk.listFunctionsPage = jest
+        .fn()
+        .mockResolvedValue({ functions: hugeFunctionsArray, nextToken: 'next' });
+
+      const result = await list.run();
+      expect(result).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(logger.write).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('run - error handling', () => {
     it('should propagate auto-pagination API errors', async () => {
       mockInputs.args = [];
diff --git a/__tests__/ut/core/base_test.ts b/__tests__/ut/core/base_test.ts
index f86b96f9..d69f141b 100644
--- a/__tests__/ut/core/base_test.ts
+++ b/__tests__/ut/core/base_test.ts
@@ -86,6 +86,32 @@ describe('Base', () => {
       // Logger is mocked, so we can't verify specific calls
     });
 
+    it('should take endpoint from command line args', async () => {
+      mockInputs.args = ['--endpoint', 'http://127.0.0.1:8080'];
+
+      await base.handlePreRun(mockInputs, false);
+
+      expect(mockInputs.props.endpoint).toBe('http://127.0.0.1:8080');
+    });
+
+    it('should let command line endpoint win over yaml props', async () => {
+      mockInputs.props.endpoint = 'https://fcv3.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com';
+      mockInputs.args = ['--endpoint', 'http://127.0.0.1:8080'];
+
+      await base.handlePreRun(mockInputs, false);
+
+      expect(mockInputs.props.endpoint).toBe('http://127.0.0.1:8080');
+    });
+
+    it('should keep yaml endpoint when no endpoint arg is given', async () => {
+      mockInputs.props.endpoint = 'https://fcv3.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com';
+      mockInputs.args = [];
+
+      await base.handlePreRun(mockInputs, false);
+
+      expect(mockInputs.props.endpoint).toBe('https://fcv3.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com');
+    });
+
     it('should trim image whitespace for custom container', async () => {
       mockInputs.props.customContainerConfig = {
         image: '  test-image:latest  ',
diff --git a/__tests__/ut/utils/utils_functions_test.ts b/__tests__/ut/utils/utils_functions_test.ts
index bfad0735..508ca4de 100644
--- a/__tests__/ut/utils/utils_functions_test.ts
+++ b/__tests__/ut/utils/utils_functions_test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
-import { isAuto, isAutoVpcConfig, sleep } from '../../../src/utils/index';
+import {
+  MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES,
+  estimateRenderLines,
+  isAuto,
+  isAutoVpcConfig,
+  isDefaultRenderOutput,
+  sleep,
+} from '../../../src/utils/index';
 import { computeLocalAuto } from '../../../src/resources/fc/impl/utils';
 import log from '../../../src/logger';
 log._set(console);
@@ -147,6 +154,68 @@ describe('Utils functions', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('isDefaultRenderOutput', () => {
+    it('should return true when no output format flag is present', () => {
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['cli', 'fc3', 'list', '--region', 'cn-hangzhou'])).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('should return false for -o/--output-format/--output/--output-file', () => {
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['list', '-o', 'json'])).toBe(false);
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['list', '--output-format', 'yaml'])).toBe(false);
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['list', '--output', 'raw'])).toBe(false);
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['list', '--output-file', './out.json'])).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should recognize flags written as --flag=value', () => {
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['list', '--output-format=json'])).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should not confuse a value that looks like a flag name', () => {
+      expect(isDefaultRenderOutput(['list', '--prefix', 'output'])).toBe(true);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('estimateRenderLines', () => {
+    it('should count one line per scalar field', () => {
+      expect(estimateRenderLines({ a: 1, b: 'x', c: null })).toBe(3);
+    });
+
+    it('should count nested objects and arrays', () => {
+      // functionName + nasConfig + nasConfig.groupId + nasConfig.mountPoints
+      // + 2 mount points, each with a separator line
+      expect(
+        estimateRenderLines({
+          functionName: 'f',
+          nasConfig: { groupId: 1, mountPoints: [{ mountDir: '/mnt' }, { mountDir: '/data' }] },
+        }),
+      ).toBe(8);
+    });
+
+    it('should count scalars in an array as one line each', () => {
+      expect(estimateRenderLines(['a', 'b', 'c'])).toBe(3);
+    });
+
+    it('should count the separator line prettyjson adds per object in an array', () => {
+      // prettyjson 对 [{ a: 1 }, { a: 2 }] 输出 4 行，每个元素的字段 1 行 + 分隔 1 行
+      expect(estimateRenderLines([{ a: 1 }, { a: 2 }])).toBe(4);
+      expect(estimateRenderLines([[1, 2, 3]])).toBe(4);
+    });
+
+    it('should exceed the threshold for a listing that breaks the default renderer', () => {
+      const functions = Array.from({ length: 20000 }, (_v, i) => ({
+        functionName: `f-${i}`,
+        runtime: 'nodejs18',
+        handler: 'index.handler',
+      }));
+      expect(estimateRenderLines({ functions })).toBeGreaterThan(MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES);
+    });
+
+    it('should stay under the threshold for a normal listing', () => {
+      const functions = Array.from({ length: 100 }, (_v, i) => ({ functionName: `f-${i}` }));
+      expect(estimateRenderLines({ functions })).toBeLessThan(MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES);
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('sleep', () => {
     it('should resolve after specified time', async () => {
       const start = Date.now();
diff --git a/src/base.ts b/src/base.ts
index 6926ca04..aad46cf1 100644
--- a/src/base.ts
+++ b/src/base.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 /* eslint-disable require-atomic-updates */
 /* eslint-disable no-await-in-loop */
 import _ from 'lodash';
+import { parseArgv } from '@serverless-devs/utils';
 import { IInputs, INasConfig } from './interface';
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-shadow
 import log from './logger';
@@ -30,6 +31,13 @@ export default class Base {
   // 在运行方法之前运行
   async handlePreRun(inputs: IInputs, needCredential: boolean) {
     log._set(this.logger);
+    // --endpoint 只出现在命令行参数里（yaml 模式下走 props.endpoint），
+    // s cli 模式没有 yaml，必须从 argv 取，命令行优先级高于 yaml
+    const argvEndpoint = _.get(parseArgv(inputs.args || [], { string: ['endpoint'] }), 'endpoint');
+    if (!_.isEmpty(argvEndpoint)) {
+      log.debug(`use endpoint from command line: ${argvEndpoint}`);
+      _.set(inputs, 'props.endpoint', argvEndpoint);
+    }
     // fc组件镜像 trim 左右空格
     const image = _.get(inputs, 'props.customContainerConfig.image');
     if (!_.isEmpty(image)) {
diff --git a/src/commands-help/list.ts b/src/commands-help/list.ts
index 7785ad3d..2979998d 100644
--- a/src/commands-help/list.ts
+++ b/src/commands-help/list.ts
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ Example:
         '[Optional] Specify the next token for pagination, only works with --limit',
       ],
       ['--table', '[Optional] Specify if output the result as table format'],
+      ['--endpoint <endpoint>', '[Optional] Specify the fc endpoint, e.g. http://192.168.1.1:8080'],
     ],
   },
 };
diff --git a/src/subCommands/list/index.ts b/src/subCommands/list/index.ts
index 2f484b11..4423deea 100644
--- a/src/subCommands/list/index.ts
+++ b/src/subCommands/list/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,19 @@ import { IInputs, IRegion, checkRegion } from '../../interface';
 import logger from '../../logger';
 import _ from 'lodash';
 import FC from '../../resources/fc';
-import { getUserAgent, tableShow } from '../../utils';
+import {
+  MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES,
+  estimateRenderLines,
+  getUserAgent,
+  isAppCenter,
+  isDefaultRenderOutput,
+  tableShow,
+} from '../../utils';
+
+export interface IListResult {
+  functions?: unknown[];
+  nextToken?: string;
+}
 
 const LIST_TABLE_KEYS = [
   'functionName',
@@ -56,7 +68,7 @@ export default class List {
         tableShow(body.functions || [], LIST_TABLE_KEYS);
         return;
       }
-      return body;
+      return this.output(body);
     }
 
     const functions = await this.fcSdk.listFunctions(prefix);
@@ -65,6 +77,28 @@ export default class List {
       tableShow(functions || [], LIST_TABLE_KEYS);
       return;
     }
-    return { functions };
+    return this.output({ functions });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 函数数量很多时，CLI 内核默认的 prettyjson 渲染器会因为参数个数超限抛
+   * RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded，这里直接打印 JSON 兜底。
+   * 只有真实 CLI 走 prettyjson 渲染，app center 等程序化调用方依赖返回值，原样返回。
+   */
+  private output(result: IListResult): IListResult | undefined {
+    if (
+      isAppCenter() ||
+      !isDefaultRenderOutput() ||
+      estimateRenderLines(result) <= MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES
+    ) {
+      return result;
+    }
+
+    logger.warn(
+      `Got ${
+        (result.functions || []).length
+      } functions, too large for the default output format. Printing raw JSON instead, use --limit/--next-token to paginate, --table for a summary, or -o json/yaml to pick the output format.`,
+    );
+    logger.write(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/utils/index.ts b/src/utils/index.ts
index 25b59347..f8cca2d0 100644
--- a/src/utils/index.ts
+++ b/src/utils/index.ts
@@ -388,3 +388,44 @@ async function isZipFile(filePath: string): Promise<boolean> {
     return false;
   }
 }
+
+// s CLI 默认输出格式下，内核用 prettyjson 渲染组件返回值。prettyjson 会把整个返回值
+// 拍平成一个字符串数组，再用 `push.apply(lines, subLines)` 回灌，参数个数超过 V8 上限时抛
+// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded（本机 Node 22 实测 12w 个参数可以、13w 抛错）。
+// estimateRenderLines 是下界估算，用 prettyjson 1.2.5 实测：list 返回值偏低约 7%，
+// 最坏的结构形状（字段值是空数组/空对象）偏低 25%，即 5w 行阈值对应实际最多约 6.2w 行，
+// 距离 12w 的上限仍有充足余量。
+export const MAX_DEFAULT_RENDER_LINES = 50000;
+
+/**
+ * 返回值是否会走 CLI 内核的默认渲染器 (prettyjson)。
+ * 指定 -o/--output-format/--output 时内核用 JSON/YAML 序列化，指定 --output-file 时写文件，
+ * 都不经过 prettyjson。
+ */
+export function isDefaultRenderOutput(argv: string[] = process.argv.slice(2)): boolean {
+  const outputFlags = ['-o', '--output-format', '--output', '--output-file'];
+  return !argv.some((arg) => outputFlags.includes(arg.split('=')[0]));
+}
+
+/**
+ * 估算 prettyjson 渲染 data 需要的行数：每个字段一行，嵌套对象/数组的字段各自再算一行，
+ * 数组里的对象/数组元素额外算一行（prettyjson 会给它们多输出一行分隔）。
+ */
+export function estimateRenderLines(data: any): number {
+  if (_.isArray(data)) {
+    return _.sum(
+      data.map((item) =>
+        _.isArray(item) || _.isPlainObject(item) ? estimateRenderLines(item) + 1 : 1,
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+  if (_.isPlainObject(data)) {
+    return _.sum(
+      Object.values(data).map(
+        (value) =>
+          1 + (_.isArray(value) || _.isPlainObject(value) ? estimateRenderLines(value) : 0),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+  return 1;
+}