diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
index 2c5c2ec82..369709f05 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ jobs:
           bundler-cache: true
       - name: Prepare for testing
         run: |
+          echo "${{ secrets.MASTER_KEY }}" > config/master.key
           cp config/database.sample.yml config/database.yml
           cp config/storage.sample.yml config/storage.yml
           bundle exec rails db:create
diff --git a/app/jobs/application_job.rb b/app/jobs/application_job.rb
index 9c5500d84..7f1bb2ba6 100644
--- a/app/jobs/application_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/application_job.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
   # Most jobs are safe to ignore if the underlying records are no longer available
   discard_on ActiveJob::DeserializationError
 
-  def initialize
+  def initialize(*args, **opts)
     @job_id = SecureRandom.uuid
     super
   end
diff --git a/app/jobs/mail_uncaptured_donations_job.rb b/app/jobs/mail_uncaptured_donations_job.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..94fbe5b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/jobs/mail_uncaptured_donations_job.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+class MailUncapturedDonationsJob < ApplicationJob
+  queue_as :default
+
+  def perform(*_args)
+    intents = Stripe::PaymentIntent.list
+    mailed = 0
+    errors = 0
+    intents.auto_paging_each do |pi|
+      break unless Time.at(pi.created) >= 24.hours.ago
+      next unless pi.status == 'requires_payment_method'
+      next unless pi.metadata['user_id'].present?
+      next if pi.metadata['emailed'].present?
+
+      user = User.find(pi.metadata['user_id'])
+      symbol = { 'GBP' => '£', 'USD' => '$', 'EUR' => '€' }[pi.currency.upcase]
+      amount = pi.amount / 100
+      DonationMailer.with(currency: symbol, amount: amount, email: user.email, name: user.username, intent: pi)
+                    .donation_uncaptured.deliver_now
+      Stripe::PaymentIntent.update(pi.id, { metadata: { emailed: true } })
+      logger.debug "Mailed ##{user.id} for PaymentIntent #{pi.id}"
+      mailed += 1
+    rescue => e
+      Stripe::PaymentIntent.update(pi.id, { metadata: { email_error: e.message.to_s } })
+      logger.error "Error sending email for user #{user.id}, PaymentIntent #{pi.id}: #{e.message}"
+      errors += 1
+    end
+    logger.info "Mailed #{mailed} donations, #{errors} errors"
+  end
+end
diff --git a/app/jobs/recalc_abilities_job.rb b/app/jobs/recalc_abilities_job.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..af45cbe10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/jobs/recalc_abilities_job.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+class RecalcAbilitiesJob < ApplicationJob
+  queue_as :default
+
+  ##
+  # Perform ability recalculations.
+  # @param options [Hash] additional options for the job. Currently supports +verbose+ and +quiet+.
+  def perform(**options)
+    resolved = []
+    destroy = []
+    all = AbilityQueue.pending.to_a
+
+    all.each do |q|
+      cu = q.community_user
+      u = cu&.user
+
+      if cu.nil? || u.nil?
+        destroy << q.id
+        next
+      end
+
+      RequestContext.community = cu.community
+
+      if options[:verbose] && !options[:quiet]
+        logger.debug "Scope: Community     : #{cu.community.name} (#{cu.community.host})"
+        logger.debug "       User          : #{u.username} (#{cu.user_id})"
+        logger.debug "       CommunityUser : #{cu.id}"
+      elsif !options[:verbose] && !options[:quiet]
+        logger.debug "Scope: CommunityUser : #{cu.id}"
+      end
+
+      cu.recalc_abilities!
+
+      # Grant mod ability if mod status is given
+      if cu.at_least_moderator? && !cu.ability?('mod')
+        cu.grant_ability!('mod')
+      end
+
+      resolved << q.id
+    rescue => e
+      logger.error "  Failed: #{e.class.name}: #{e.message}"
+      logger.error e.backtrace
+
+      if Rails.env.test?
+        raise e
+      end
+    end
+
+    AbilityQueue.where(id: resolved).update(completed: true)
+    AbilityQueue.where(id: destroy).delete_all
+
+    unless options[:quiet]
+      logger.info "Completed, #{resolved.size}/#{all.size} tasks successful, #{destroy.size} tasks invalid"
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/config/credentials.yml.enc b/config/credentials.yml.enc
index fc62796fc..1765efcd9 100644
--- a/config/credentials.yml.enc
+++ b/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -1 +1 @@
-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--d1HPd+AnhFU1woqD--z2ikkRr6d5WTzC7X5xOVPA==
\ No newline at end of file
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--p3woHV6iIC4KuPxP--fRXQKncEML1whOWmVm2Z8w==
diff --git a/scripts/change_to_wilson_scores.rb b/scripts/change_to_wilson_scores.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index ae0389346..000000000
--- a/scripts/change_to_wilson_scores.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-# First we grab votes so we can populate upvote_count and downvote_count
-puts "01: Vote grab"
-votes = Vote.unscoped.all.group(:post_id, :vote_type).count
-
-# Format translation
-# {[123, 1] => 34, [123, -1] => 43, [124, 1] => 45, [124, -1] => 56} into
-# {123 => {1 => 34, -1 => 43}, 124 => {1 => 45, -1 => 56}}
-puts "02: Vote translation"
-all_ids = Post.unscoped.all.pluck(:id).map { |i| [i, {}] }.to_h
-votes = all_ids.merge(votes.to_a.group_by { |v| v[0][0] }.map { |i, v| [i, v.map { |g| [g[0][1], g[1]] }.to_h] }.to_h)
-
-# Generate and execute sanitized update SQL for each post.
-progress = ProgressBar.create(title: "03: UPDATEs", total: votes.size, progress_mark: '█')
-votes.each do |post_id, vote_counts|
-  params = []
-  vote_counts = { 1 => 0, -1 => 0 }.merge(vote_counts)
-  updates = vote_counts.map do |vt, count|
-    attrib = { 1 => 'upvote_count', -1 => 'downvote_count' }[vt]
-    params << count
-    "#{attrib} = ?"
-  end
-  params << post_id
-  sql = "UPDATE posts SET #{updates.join(', ')} WHERE id = ?"
-  sanitized = ActiveRecord::Base.sanitize_sql_array([sql, *params])
-  ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute sanitized
-  progress.increment
-end
-
-puts "04: update scores"
-score_update = "UPDATE posts p INNER JOIN (SELECT * FROM " \
-               "(SELECT id, (upvote_count + 2)/(upvote_count + downvote_count + 4) AS score FROM posts) i) q " \
-               "ON p.id = q.id SET p.score = q.score"
-ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute score_update
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/cleanup_votes.rb b/scripts/cleanup_votes.rb
index 67707824e..2420dafed 100644
--- a/scripts/cleanup_votes.rb
+++ b/scripts/cleanup_votes.rb
@@ -1 +1 @@
-CleanupVotesJob.perform_later
\ No newline at end of file
+CleanupVotesJob.perform_now
diff --git a/scripts/create_backup_2fa_codes.rb b/scripts/create_backup_2fa_codes.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index ddeac6793..000000000
--- a/scripts/create_backup_2fa_codes.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-User.where(enabled_2fa: true).each do |user|
-  user.update(backup_2fa_code: SecureRandom.alphanumeric(24))
-  TwoFactorMailer.with(user: user, host: 'meta.codidact.com').backup_code.deliver_now
-end
diff --git a/scripts/create_general_thread_for_old_comments.rb b/scripts/create_general_thread_for_old_comments.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0a05726f0..000000000
--- a/scripts/create_general_thread_for_old_comments.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-Post.unscoped.where(id: Comment.unscoped.where(comment_thread: nil)
-                               .select(Arel.sql('distinct post_id'))).each do |post|
-  comments = Comment.unscoped.where(post: post, comment_thread: nil)
-  next unless comments.any?
-
-  comments = comments.all
-
-  new_thread = CommentThread.new(title: 'General comments', post: post, reply_count: comments.size, locked: false,
-                                 archived: false, deleted: false, community: post.community)
-  new_thread.save
-
-  comments.update_all(comment_thread_id: new_thread.id)
-
-  puts "#{comments.size} comments updated for post Id=#{post.id}"
-end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/mail_uncaptured_donations.rb b/scripts/mail_uncaptured_donations.rb
index e82cfabd0..2cc89b570 100644
--- a/scripts/mail_uncaptured_donations.rb
+++ b/scripts/mail_uncaptured_donations.rb
@@ -1,18 +1 @@
-intents = Stripe::PaymentIntent.list
-intents.auto_paging_each do |pi|
-  begin
-    break unless Time.at(pi.created) >= 24.hours.ago
-    next unless pi.status == 'requires_payment_method'
-    next unless pi.metadata['user_id'].present?
-    next if pi.metadata['emailed'].present?
-    user = User.find(pi.metadata['user_id'])
-    symbol = { 'GBP' => '£', 'USD' => '$', 'EUR' => '€' }[pi.currency.upcase]
-    amount = pi.amount / 100
-    DonationMailer.with(currency: symbol, amount: amount, email: user.email, name: user.username, intent: pi)
-                  .donation_uncaptured.deliver_now
-    Stripe::PaymentIntent.update(pi.id, { metadata: { emailed: true } })
-    puts "Mailed ##{user.id} for PaymentIntent #{pi.id}"
-  rescue => ex
-    Stripe::PaymentIntent.update(pi.id, { metadata: { email_error: "#{ex.message}" } })
-  end
-end
+MailUncapturedDonations.perform_now
diff --git a/scripts/recalc_abilities.rb b/scripts/recalc_abilities.rb
index cb2566483..09733238c 100644
--- a/scripts/recalc_abilities.rb
+++ b/scripts/recalc_abilities.rb
@@ -1,58 +1,15 @@
-options = OpenStruct.new
+options = {}
 
 OptionParser.new do |opts|
   opts.banner = "Usage: rails r scripts/recalc_abilities.rb [options]"
 
   opts.on('-v', '--verbose', 'Run with additional logging') do
-    options.verbose = true
+    options[:verbose] = true
   end
 
   opts.on('-q', '--quiet', 'Run with minimal logging') do
-    options.quiet = true
+    options[:quiet] = true
   end
 end.parse!
 
-resolved = []
-destroy = []
-all = AbilityQueue.pending.to_a
-
-all.each do |q|
-  begin
-    cu = q.community_user
-    u = cu&.user
-
-    if cu.nil? || u.nil?
-      destroy << q.id
-      next
-    end
-
-    RequestContext.community = cu.community
-
-    if options.verbose && !options.quiet
-      puts "Scope: Community     : #{cu.community.name} (#{cu.community.host})"
-      puts "       User          : #{u.username} (#{cu.user_id})"
-      puts "       CommunityUser : #{cu.id}"
-    elsif !options.verbose && !options.quiet
-      puts "Scope: CommunityUser : #{cu.id}"
-    end
-
-    cu.recalc_abilities
-
-    # Grant mod ability if mod status is given
-    if cu.at_least_moderator? && !cu.ability?('mod')
-      cu.grant_ability!('mod')
-    end
-
-    resolved << q.id
-  rescue => e
-    $stderr.puts "  Failed: #{e.class.name}: #{e.message}"
-    $stderr.puts e.backtrace
-  end
-end
-
-AbilityQueue.where(id: resolved).update(completed: true)
-AbilityQueue.where(id: destroy).delete_all
-
-unless options.quiet
-  puts "Completed, #{resolved.size}/#{all.size} tasks successful, #{destroy.size} tasks invalid"
-end
+RecalcAbilitiesJob.perform_now(options)
diff --git a/scripts/recalc_abilities_upon_first_migration.rb b/scripts/recalc_abilities_upon_first_migration.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index b7394be55..000000000
--- a/scripts/recalc_abilities_upon_first_migration.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-puts "Recalculating all the Abilities"
-puts
-
-User.unscoped.all.map do |u|
-  puts "Scope: User.Id=#{u.id}"
-
-  u.community_users.each do |cu|
-    puts "  Attempt CommunityUser.Id=#{cu.id}"
-    RequestContext.community = cu.community
-    cu.recalc_privileges!
-
-    if cu.at_least_moderator? && !cu.privilege?('mod')
-      puts "  Granting mod privilege to CommunityUser.Id=#{cu.id}"
-      cu.grant_privilege!('mod')
-    end
-
-    puts "  Recalc success for CommunityUser.Id=#{cu.id}"
-  rescue
-    puts "    !!! Error recalcing for CommunityUser.Id=#{cu.id}"
-  end
-  puts "End"
-  puts
-end
-
-puts "---"
-puts "Recalculating completed"
diff --git a/scripts/run_complaints_closure.rb b/scripts/run_complaints_closure.rb
index b3fc37fc0..487cbb12c 100644
--- a/scripts/run_complaints_closure.rb
+++ b/scripts/run_complaints_closure.rb
@@ -1 +1 @@
-AutoCloseComplaintsJob.perform_later
\ No newline at end of file
+AutoCloseComplaintsJob.perform_now
diff --git a/scripts/run_new_thread_followers_cleanup.rb b/scripts/run_new_thread_followers_cleanup.rb
index 73305dbde..8170d081b 100644
--- a/scripts/run_new_thread_followers_cleanup.rb
+++ b/scripts/run_new_thread_followers_cleanup.rb
@@ -1 +1 @@
-CleanUpNewThreadFollowersJob.perform_later
+CleanUpNewThreadFollowersJob.perform_now
diff --git a/scripts/run_spam_cleanup.rb b/scripts/run_spam_cleanup.rb
index 82122f9c5..a6d0afd4b 100644
--- a/scripts/run_spam_cleanup.rb
+++ b/scripts/run_spam_cleanup.rb
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-CleanUpSpammyUsersJob.perform_later
-PotentialSpamProfilesJob.perform_later
+CleanUpSpammyUsersJob.perform_now
+PotentialSpamProfilesJob.perform_now
diff --git a/scripts/run_summary_mailer.rb b/scripts/run_summary_mailer.rb
index ce82f1544..99dbc5e16 100644
--- a/scripts/run_summary_mailer.rb
+++ b/scripts/run_summary_mailer.rb
@@ -1 +1 @@
-SendSummaryEmailsJob.perform_later
+SendSummaryEmailsJob.perform_now
diff --git a/scripts/run_thread_followers_cleanup.rb b/scripts/run_thread_followers_cleanup.rb
index 06bbee308..e304c345d 100644
--- a/scripts/run_thread_followers_cleanup.rb
+++ b/scripts/run_thread_followers_cleanup.rb
@@ -1 +1 @@
-CleanUpThreadFollowersJob.perform_later
+CleanUpThreadFollowersJob.perform_now
diff --git a/test/controllers/donations_controller_test.rb b/test/controllers/donations_controller_test.rb
index 21fa129a2..e675e2f26 100644
--- a/test/controllers/donations_controller_test.rb
+++ b/test/controllers/donations_controller_test.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,14 @@
 class DonationsControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
   include Devise::Test::ControllerHelpers
 
+  setup do
+    WebMock.allow_net_connect!
+  end
+
+  teardown do
+    WebMock.disable_net_connect!
+  end
+
   test 'should get index' do
     get :index
     assert_response(:success)
diff --git a/test/jobs/mail_uncaptured_donations_job_test.rb b/test/jobs/mail_uncaptured_donations_job_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac62482c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jobs/mail_uncaptured_donations_job_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class MailUncapturedDonationsJobTest < ActiveJob::TestCase
+  setup do
+    WebMock.allow_net_connect!
+  end
+
+  teardown do
+    WebMock.disable_net_connect!
+  end
+
+  test 'should run job successfully' do
+    skip unless Stripe.api_key
+    WebMock.allow_net_connect!
+    perform_enqueued_jobs do
+      MailUncapturedDonationsJob.perform_later
+    end
+    assert_performed_jobs 1
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/jobs/recalc_abilities_job_test.rb b/test/jobs/recalc_abilities_job_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6e56bc0c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jobs/recalc_abilities_job_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class RecalcAbilitiesJobTest < ActiveJob::TestCase
+  test 'should run job successfully' do
+    perform_enqueued_jobs do
+      RecalcAbilitiesJob.perform_later(verbose: false, quiet: true)
+    end
+    assert_performed_jobs 1
+  end
+end