CodeSniffer.php

<?php
/**
 * PHP_CodeSniffer tokenises PHP code and detects violations of a
 * defined set of coding standards.
 *
 * PHP version 5
 *
 * @category  PHP
 * @package   PHP_CodeSniffer
 * @author    Greg Sherwood <gsherwood@squiz.net>
 * @author    Marc McIntyre <mmcintyre@squiz.net>
 * @copyright 2006-2011 Squiz Pty Ltd (ABN 77 084 670 600)
 * @license   http://matrix.squiz.net/developer/tools/php_cs/licence BSD Licence
 * @link      http://pear.php.net/package/PHP_CodeSniffer
 */

spl_autoload_register(array('PHP_CodeSniffer', 'autoload'));

if (class_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception', true) === false) {
    throw new Exception('Class PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception not found');
}

if (class_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_File', true) === false) {
    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('Class PHP_CodeSniffer_File not found');
}

if (class_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_Tokens', true) === false) {
    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('Class PHP_CodeSniffer_Tokens not found');
}

if (class_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_CLI', true) === false) {
    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('Class PHP_CodeSniffer_CLI not found');
}

if (interface_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff', true) === false) {
    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('Interface PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff not found');
}

if (interface_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_MultiFileSniff', true) === false) {
    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('Interface PHP_CodeSniffer_MultiFileSniff not found');
}

/**
 * PHP_CodeSniffer tokenises PHP code and detects violations of a
 * defined set of coding standards.
 *
 * Standards are specified by classes that implement the PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff
 * interface. A sniff registers what token types it wishes to listen for, then
 * PHP_CodeSniffer encounters that token, the sniff is invoked and passed
 * information about where the token was found in the stack, and the token stack
 * itself.
 *
 * Sniff files and their containing class must be prefixed with Sniff, and
 * have an extension of .php.
 *
 * Multiple PHP_CodeSniffer operations can be performed by re-calling the
 * process function with different parameters.
 *
 * @category  PHP
 * @package   PHP_CodeSniffer
 * @author    Greg Sherwood <gsherwood@squiz.net>
 * @author    Marc McIntyre <mmcintyre@squiz.net>
 * @copyright 2006-2011 Squiz Pty Ltd (ABN 77 084 670 600)
 * @license   http://matrix.squiz.net/developer/tools/php_cs/licence BSD Licence
 * @version   Release: @package_version@
 * @link      http://pear.php.net/package/PHP_CodeSniffer
 */
class PHP_CodeSniffer
{

    /**
     * The file or directory that is currently being processed.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $file = '';

    /**
     * The files that have been processed.
     *
     * @var array(PHP_CodeSniffer_File)
     */
    protected $files = array();

    /**
     * The directory to search for sniffs in.
     *
     * This is declared static because it is also used in the
     * autoloader to look for sniffs outside the PHPCS install.
     * This way, standards designed to be installed inside PHPCS can
     * also be used from outside the PHPCS Standards directory.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected static $standardDir = '';

    /**
     * The CLI object controlling the run.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    public $cli = null;

    /**
     * An array of sniffs that are being used to check files.
     *
     * @var array(PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff)
     */
    protected $listeners = array();

    /**
     * An array of rules from the ruleset.xml file.
     *
     * It may be empty, indicating that the ruleset does not override
     * any of the default sniff settings.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $ruleset = array();

    /**
     * The listeners array, indexed by token type.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    private $_tokenListeners = array(
                                'file'      => array(),
                                'multifile' => array(),
                               );

    /**
     * An array of patterns to use for skipping files.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $ignorePatterns = array();

    /**
     * An array of extensions for files we will check.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    public $allowedFileExtensions = array(
                                     'php' => 'PHP',
                                     'inc' => 'PHP',
                                     'js'  => 'JS',
                                     'css' => 'CSS',
                                    );

    /**
     * An array of variable types for param/var we will check.
     *
     * @var array(string)
     */
    public static $allowedTypes = array(
                                   'array',
                                   'boolean',
                                   'float',
                                   'integer',
                                   'mixed',
                                   'object',
                                   'string',
                                  );


    /**
     * Constructs a PHP_CodeSniffer object.
     *
     * @param int    $verbosity   The verbosity level.
     *                            1: Print progress information.
     *                            2: Print tokenizer debug information.
     *                            3: Print sniff debug information.
     * @param int    $tabWidth    The number of spaces each tab represents.
     *                            If greater than zero, tabs will be replaced
     *                            by spaces before testing each file.
     * @param string $encoding    The charset of the sniffed files.
     *                            This is important for some reports that output
     *                            with utf-8 encoding as you don't want it double
     *                            encoding messages.
     * @param bool   $interactive If TRUE, will stop after each file with errors
     *                            and wait for user input.
     *
     * @see process()
     */
    public function __construct(
        $verbosity=0,
        $tabWidth=0,
        $encoding='iso-8859-1',
        $interactive=false
    ) {
        if (defined('PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY') === false) {
            define('PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY', $verbosity);
        }

        if (defined('PHP_CODESNIFFER_TAB_WIDTH') === false) {
            define('PHP_CODESNIFFER_TAB_WIDTH', $tabWidth);
        }

        if (defined('PHP_CODESNIFFER_ENCODING') === false) {
            define('PHP_CODESNIFFER_ENCODING', $encoding);
        }

        if (defined('PHP_CODESNIFFER_INTERACTIVE') === false) {
            define('PHP_CODESNIFFER_INTERACTIVE', $interactive);
        }

        if (defined('PHPCS_DEFAULT_ERROR_SEV') === false) {
            define('PHPCS_DEFAULT_ERROR_SEV', 5);
        }

        if (defined('PHPCS_DEFAULT_WARN_SEV') === false) {
            define('PHPCS_DEFAULT_WARN_SEV', 5);
        }

        // Change into a directory that we know about to stop any
        // relative path conflicts.
        if (defined('PHPCS_CWD') === false) {
            define('PHPCS_CWD', getcwd());
        }

        chdir(dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/');

        // Set default CLI object in case someone is running us
        // without using the command line script.
        $this->cli = new PHP_CodeSniffer_CLI();
        $this->cli->errorSeverity   = PHPCS_DEFAULT_ERROR_SEV;
        $this->cli->warningSeverity = PHPCS_DEFAULT_WARN_SEV;

    }//end __construct()


    /**
     * Destructs a PHP_CodeSniffer object.
     *
     * Restores the current working directory to what it
     * was before we started our run.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __destruct()
    {
        chdir(PHPCS_CWD);

    }//end __destruct()


    /**
     * Autoload static method for loading classes and interfaces.
     *
     * @param string $className The name of the class or interface.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public static function autoload($className)
    {
        if (substr($className, 0, 4) === 'PHP_') {
            $newClassName = substr($className, 4);
        } else {
            $newClassName = $className;
        }

        $path = str_replace('_', '/', $newClassName).'.php';

        if (is_file(dirname(__FILE__).'/'.$path) === true) {
            // Check standard file locations based on class name.
            include dirname(__FILE__).'/'.$path;
        } else if (is_file(dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/Standards/'.$path) === true) {
            // Check for included sniffs.
            include dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/Standards/'.$path;
        } else if (self::$standardDir !== ''
            && is_file(dirname(self::$standardDir).'/'.$path) === true
        ) {
            // Check standard file locations based on the passed standard directory.
            include dirname(self::$standardDir).'/'.$path;
        } else {
            // Everything else.
            @include $path;
        }

    }//end autoload()


    /**
     * Sets an array of file extensions that we will allow checking of.
     *
     * If the extension is one of the defaults, a specific tokenizer
     * will be used. Otherwise, the PHP tokenizer will be used for
     * all extensions passed.
     *
     * @param array $extensions An array of file extensions.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function setAllowedFileExtensions(array $extensions)
    {
        $newExtensions = array();
        foreach ($extensions as $ext) {
            if (isset($this->allowedFileExtensions[$ext]) === true) {
                $newExtensions[$ext] = $this->allowedFileExtensions[$ext];
            } else {
                $newExtensions[$ext] = 'PHP';
            }
        }

        $this->allowedFileExtensions = $newExtensions;

    }//end setAllowedFileExtensions()


    /**
     * Sets an array of ignore patterns that we use to skip files and folders.
     *
     * Patterns are not case sensitive.
     *
     * @param array $patterns An array of ignore patterns.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function setIgnorePatterns(array $patterns)
    {
        $this->ignorePatterns = $patterns;

    }//end setIgnorePatterns()


    /**
     * Gets the array of ignore patterns.
     *
     * Optionally takes a listener to get ignore patterns specified
     * for that sniff only.
     *
     * @param string $listener The listener to get patterns for. If NULL, all
     *                         patterns are returned.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getIgnorePatterns($listener=null)
    {
        if ($listener === null) {
            return $this->ignorePatterns;
        }

        if (isset($this->ignorePatterns[$listener]) === true) {
            return $this->ignorePatterns[$listener];
        }

        return array();

    }//end getIgnorePatterns()


    /**
     * Sets the internal CLI object.
     *
     * @param object $cli The CLI object controlling the run.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function setCli($cli)
    {
        $this->cli = $cli;

    }//end setCli()


    /**
     * Adds a file to the list of checked files.
     *
     * Checked files are used to generate error reports after the run.
     *
     * @param PHP_CodeSniffer_File $phpcsFile The file to add.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function addFile(PHP_CodeSniffer_File $phpcsFile)
    {
        $this->files[] = $phpcsFile;

    }//end addFile()


    /**
     * Processes the files/directories that PHP_CodeSniffer was constructed with.
     *
     * @param string|array $files    The files and directories to process. For
     *                               directories, each sub directory will also
     *                               be traversed for source files.
     * @param string       $standard The set of code sniffs we are testing
     *                               against.
     * @param array        $sniffs   The sniff names to restrict the allowed
     *                               listeners to.
     * @param boolean      $local    If true, don't recurse into directories.
     *
     * @return void
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If files or standard are invalid.
     */
    public function process($files, $standard, array $sniffs=array(), $local=false)
    {
        if (is_array($files) === false) {
            if (is_string($files) === false || $files === null) {
                throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('$file must be a string');
            }

            $files = array($files);
        }

        if (is_string($standard) === false || $standard === null) {
            throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('$standard must be a string');
        }

        // Reset the members.
        $this->listeners       = array();
        $this->files           = array();
        $this->ruleset         = array();
        $this->_tokenListeners = array(
                                  'file'      => array(),
                                  'multifile' => array(),
                                 );

        // Ensure this option is enabled or else line endings will not always
        // be detected properly for files created on a Mac with the /r line ending.
        ini_set('auto_detect_line_endings', true);

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
            // If this is a custom ruleset.xml file, load the standard name
            // from the file. I know this looks a little ugly, but it is
            // just when verbose output is on so we have to go to the effort
            // of finding the correct name.
            $standardName = basename($standard);
            if (is_file($standard) === true) {
                $ruleset = simplexml_load_file($standard);
                if ($ruleset !== false) {
                    $standardName = (string) $ruleset['name'];
                }
            } else if (is_file(realpath(PHPCS_CWD.'/'.$standard)) === true) {
                $ruleset = simplexml_load_file(realpath(PHPCS_CWD.'/'.$standard));
                if ($ruleset !== false) {
                    $standardName = (string) $ruleset['name'];
                }
            }

            echo "Registering sniffs in $standardName standard... ";
            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 2) {
                echo PHP_EOL;
            }
        }//end if

        $this->setTokenListeners($standard, $sniffs);
        $this->populateCustomRules();
        $this->populateTokenListeners();

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
            $numSniffs = count($this->listeners);
            echo "DONE ($numSniffs sniffs registered)".PHP_EOL;
        }

        // The SVN pre-commit calls process() to init the sniffs
        // and ruleset so there may not be any files to process.
        // But this has to come after that initial setup.
        if (empty($files) === true) {
            return;
        }

        $reporting    = new PHP_CodeSniffer_Reporting();
        $cliValues    = $this->cli->getCommandLineValues();
        $showProgress = $cliValues['showProgress'];

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
            $numSniffs = count($this->listeners);
            echo 'Creating file list... ';
        }

        $todo     = $this->getFilesToProcess($files, $local);
        $numFiles = count($todo);

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
            $numSniffs = count($this->listeners);
            echo "DONE ($numFiles files in queue)".PHP_EOL;
        }

        $numProcessed = 0;
        $dots         = 0;
        $maxLength    = strlen($numFiles);
        $lastDir      = '';
        foreach ($todo as $file) {
            $this->file = $file;
            $currDir = dirname($file);
            if ($lastDir !== $currDir) {
                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
                    echo 'Changing into directory '.$currDir.PHP_EOL;
                }

                $lastDir = $currDir;
            }

            $phpcsFile  = $this->processFile($file);
            $numProcessed++;

            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0
                || PHP_CODESNIFFER_INTERACTIVE === true
                || $showProgress === false
            ) {
                continue;
            }

            // Show progress information.
            if ($phpcsFile === null) {
                echo 'S';
            } else {
                $errors   = $phpcsFile->getErrorCount();
                $warnings = $phpcsFile->getWarningCount();
                if ($errors > 0) {
                    echo 'E';
                } else if ($warnings > 0) {
                    echo 'W';
                } else {
                    echo '.';
                }
            }

            $dots++;
            if ($dots === 60) {
                $padding = ($maxLength - strlen($numProcessed));
                echo str_repeat(' ', $padding);
                echo " $numProcessed / $numFiles".PHP_EOL;
                $dots = 0;
            }
        }//end foreach

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY === 0
            && PHP_CODESNIFFER_INTERACTIVE === false
            && $showProgress === true
        ) {
            echo PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;
        }

        // Now process the multi-file sniffs, assuming there are
        // multiple files being sniffed.
        if (count($files) > 1 || is_dir($files[0]) === true) {
            $this->processMulti();
        }

    }//end process()


    /**
     * Processes multi-file sniffs.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function processMulti()
    {
        foreach ($this->_tokenListeners['multifile'] as $listener) {
            // Set the name of the listener for error messages.
            $activeListener = get_class($listener);
            foreach ($this->files as $file) {
                $file->setActiveListener($activeListener);
            }

            $listener->process($this->files);
        }

    }//end processMulti()


    /**
     * Sets installed sniffs in the coding standard being used.
     *
     * Traverses the standard directory for classes that implement the
     * PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff interface asks them to register. Each of the
     * sniff's class names must be exact as the basename of the sniff file.
     * If the standard is a file, will skip transversal and just load sniffs
     * from the file.
     *
     * @param string $standard The name of the coding standard we are checking.
     *                         Can also be a path to a custom standard dir
     *                         containing a ruleset.xml file or can be a path
     *                         to a custom ruleset file.
     * @param array  $sniffs   The sniff names to restrict the allowed
     *                         listeners to.
     *
     * @return void
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If the standard is not valid.
     */
    public function setTokenListeners($standard, array $sniffs=array())
    {
        if (is_dir($standard) === true) {
            // This is an absolute path to a custom standard.
            self::$standardDir = $standard;
            $standard          = basename($standard);
        } else if (is_file($standard) === true) {
            // Might be a custom ruleset file.
            $ruleset = simplexml_load_file($standard);
            if ($ruleset === false) {
                throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception("Ruleset $standard is not valid");
            }

            if (basename($standard) === 'ruleset.xml') {
                // The ruleset uses the generic name, so this may actually
                // be a complete standard with it's own sniffs. By setting the
                // the standardDir to be the directory, we will process both
                // the directory (for custom sniffs) and the ruleset.xml file
                // (as it uses the generic name) in getSniffFiles.
                self::$standardDir = dirname($standard);
            } else {
                // This is a custom ruleset file with a custom name, so we have
                // to assume there are no custom sniffs to go with this otherwise
                // we'd be recursing through directories on every run, even if
                // we don't need to.
                self::$standardDir = $standard;
            }

            $standard = (string) $ruleset['name'];
        } else {
            self::$standardDir = realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/Standards/'.$standard);
            if (is_dir(self::$standardDir) === false) {
                // This isn't looking good. Let's see if this
                // is a relative path to a custom standard.
                $path = realpath(PHPCS_CWD.'/'.$standard);
                if (is_dir($path) === true) {
                    // This is a relative path to a custom standard.
                    self::$standardDir = $path;
                    $standard          = basename($standard);
                } else if (is_file($path) === true) {
                    // Might be a custom ruleset file.
                    $ruleset = simplexml_load_file($path);
                    if ($ruleset === false) {
                        throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception("Ruleset $path is not valid");
                    }

                    // See comments in ELSE IF condition above for why we do this.
                    if (basename($path) === 'ruleset.xml') {
                        self::$standardDir = dirname($path);
                    } else {
                        self::$standardDir = $path;
                    }

                    $standard = (string) $ruleset['name'];
                }
            }
        }//end if

        $files = $this->getSniffFiles(self::$standardDir, $standard);

        if (empty($sniffs) === false) {
            // Convert the allowed sniffs to lower case so
            // they are easier to check.
            foreach ($sniffs as &$sniff) {
                $sniff = strtolower($sniff);
            }
        }

        $listeners = array();

        foreach ($files as $file) {
            // Work out where the position of /StandardName/Sniffs/... is
            // so we can determine what the class will be called.
            $sniffPos = strrpos($file, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'Sniffs'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
            if ($sniffPos === false) {
                continue;
            }

            $slashPos = strrpos(substr($file, 0, $sniffPos), DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
            if ($slashPos === false) {
                continue;
            }

            $className = substr($file, ($slashPos + 1));
            $className = substr($className, 0, -4);
            $className = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '_', $className);

            include_once $file;

            // If they have specified a list of sniffs to restrict to, check
            // to see if this sniff is allowed.
            $allowed = in_array(strtolower($className), $sniffs);
            if (empty($sniffs) === false && $allowed === false) {
                continue;
            }

            $listeners[] = $className;

            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 2) {
                echo "\tRegistered $className".PHP_EOL;
            }
        }//end foreach

        $this->listeners = $listeners;

    }//end setTokenListeners()


    /**
     * Return a list of sniffs that a coding standard has defined.
     *
     * Sniffs are found by recursing the standard directory and also by
     * asking the standard for included sniffs.
     *
     * @param string $dir      The directory where to look for the files.
     * @param string $standard The name of the coding standard. If NULL, no
     *                         included sniffs will be checked for.
     *
     * @return array
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If an included or excluded sniff does
     *                                   not exist.
     */
    public function getSniffFiles($dir, $standard=null)
    {
        $ownSniffs      = array();
        $includedSniffs = array();
        $excludedSniffs = array();

        if (is_dir($dir) === true) {
            $di = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($dir));
            foreach ($di as $file) {
                $fileName = $file->getFilename();

                // Skip hidden files.
                if (substr($fileName, 0, 1) === '.') {
                    continue;
                }

                // We are only interested in PHP and sniff files.
                $fileParts = explode('.', $fileName);
                if (array_pop($fileParts) !== 'php') {
                    continue;
                }

                $basename = basename($fileName, '.php');
                if (substr($basename, -5) !== 'Sniff') {
                    continue;
                }

                $ownSniffs[] = $file->getPathname();
            }//end foreach
        }//end if

        if ($standard !== null) {
            $rulesetPath = $dir;
            if (is_dir($rulesetPath) === true) {
                $rulesetPath .= '/ruleset.xml';
            }

            $ruleset = simplexml_load_file($rulesetPath);
            if ($ruleset === false) {
                throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception("Ruleset $rulesetPath is not valid");
            }

            foreach ($ruleset->rule as $rule) {
                $includedSniffs = array_merge($includedSniffs, $this->_expandRulesetReference($rule['ref']));

                if (isset($rule->exclude) === true) {
                    foreach ($rule->exclude as $exclude) {
                        $excludedSniffs = array_merge($excludedSniffs, $this->_expandRulesetReference($exclude['name']));
                    }
                }
            }//end foreach
        }//end if

        $includedSniffs = array_unique($includedSniffs);
        $excludedSniffs = array_unique($excludedSniffs);

        // Merge our own sniff list with our externally included
        // sniff list, but filter out any excluded sniffs.
        $files = array();
        foreach (array_merge($ownSniffs, $includedSniffs) as $sniff) {
            if (in_array($sniff, $excludedSniffs) === true) {
                continue;
            } else {
                $files[] = $sniff;
            }
        }

        return array_unique($files);

    }//end getSniffFiles()


    /**
     * Expand a ruleset sniff reference into a list of sniff files.
     *
     * @param string $sniff The sniff reference from the rulset.xml file.
     *
     * @return array
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If the sniff reference is invalid.
     */
    private function _expandRulesetReference($sniff)
    {
        $referencedSniffs = array();

        // Ignore internal sniffs as they are used to only
        // hide and change internal messages.
        if (substr($sniff, 0, 9) === 'Internal.') {
            return $referencedSniffs;
        }

        $isDir = false;
        $path  = $sniff;
        if (is_dir($sniff) === true) {
            // Referencing a custom standard.
            $isDir = true;
            $path  = $sniff;
            $sniff = basename($path);
        } else if (is_file($sniff) === false) {
            // See if this is a whole standard being referenced.
            $path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/Standards/'.$sniff);
            if (is_dir($path) === true) {
                $isDir = true;
            } else {
                // Work out the sniff path.
                $parts = explode('.', $sniff);
                if (count($parts) < 3) {
                    $error = "Referenced sniff $sniff does not exist";
                    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception($error);
                }

                $path = $parts[0].'/Sniffs/'.$parts[1].'/'.$parts[2].'Sniff.php';
                $path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/Standards/'.$path);
                if ($path === false && self::$standardDir !== '') {
                    // The sniff is not locally installed, so check if it is being
                    // referenced as a remote sniff outside the install. We do this by
                    // looking directly in the passed standard dir to see if it is
                    // installed in there.
                    $path = realpath(self::$standardDir.'/Sniffs/'.$parts[1].'/'.$parts[2].'Sniff.php');
                }
            }
        }//end if

        if ($isDir === true) {
            if (self::isInstalledStandard($sniff) === true) {
                // We are referencing a coding standard.
                $referencedSniffs = $this->getSniffFiles($path, $sniff);
                $this->populateCustomRules($path);
            } else {
                // We are referencing a whole directory of sniffs.
                $referencedSniffs = $this->getSniffFiles($path);
            }
        } else {
            if (is_file($path) === false) {
                $error = "Referenced sniff $sniff does not exist";
                throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception($error);
            }

            if (substr($path, -9) === 'Sniff.php') {
                // A single sniff.
                $referencedSniffs[] = $path;
            } else {
                // Assume an external ruleset.xml file.
                $referencedSniffs = $this->getSniffFiles($path, $sniff);
            }
        }//end if

        return $referencedSniffs;

    }//end _expandRulesetReference()


    /**
     * Sets installed sniffs in the coding standard being used.
     *
     * @param string $standard The name of the coding standard we are checking.
     *                         Can also be a path to a custom ruleset.xml file.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function populateCustomRules($standard=null)
    {
        if ($standard === null) {
            $standard = self::$standardDir;
        }

        if (is_file($standard) === false) {
            $standard .= '/ruleset.xml';
            if (is_file($standard) === false) {
                return;
            }
        }

        $ruleset = simplexml_load_file($standard);
        foreach ($ruleset->rule as $rule) {
            if (isset($rule['ref']) === false) {
                continue;
            }

            $code = (string) $rule['ref'];

            // Custom severity.
            if (isset($rule->severity) === true) {
                if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
                    $this->ruleset[$code] = array();
                }

                $this->ruleset[$code]['severity'] = (int) $rule->severity;
            }

            // Custom message.
            if (isset($rule->message) === true) {
                if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
                    $this->ruleset[$code] = array();
                }

                $this->ruleset[$code]['message'] = (string) $rule->message;
            }

            // Custom properties.
            if (isset($rule->properties) === true) {
                foreach ($rule->properties->property as $prop) {
                    if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
                        $this->ruleset[$code] = array(
                                                 'properties' => array(),
                                                );
                    } else if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]['properties']) === false) {
                        $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'] = array();
                    }

                    $name = (string) $prop['name'];
                    if (isset($prop['type']) === true
                        && (string) $prop['type'] === 'array'
                    ) {
                        $value = (string) $prop['value'];
                        $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'][$name] = explode(',', $value);
                    } else {
                        $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'][$name] = (string) $prop['value'];
                    }
                }
            }//end if

            // Ignore patterns.
            foreach ($rule->{'exclude-pattern'} as $pattern) {
                if (isset($this->ignorePatterns[$code]) === false) {
                    $this->ignorePatterns[$code] = array();
                }

                $this->ignorePatterns[$code][] = (string) $pattern;
            }
        }//end foreach

        // Process custom ignore pattern rules.
        foreach ($ruleset->{'exclude-pattern'} as $pattern) {
            $this->ignorePatterns[] = (string) $pattern;
        }

    }//end populateCustomRules()


    /**
     * Populates the array of PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff's for this file.
     *
     * @return void
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If sniff registration fails.
     */
    public function populateTokenListeners()
    {
        // Construct a list of listeners indexed by token being listened for.
        $this->_tokenListeners = array(
                                  'file'      => array(),
                                  'multifile' => array(),
                                 );

        foreach ($this->listeners as $listenerClass) {
            $listener = new $listenerClass();

            // Work out the internal code for this sniff.
            $parts = explode('_', $listenerClass);
            $code  = $parts[0].'.'.$parts[2].'.'.$parts[3];
            $code  = substr($code, 0, -5);

            // Set custom properties.
            if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]['properties']) === true) {
                foreach ($this->ruleset[$code]['properties'] as $name => $value) {
                    // Special case for booleans.
                    if ($value === 'true') {
                        $value = true;
                    } else if ($value === 'false') {
                        $value = false;
                    }

                    $listener->$name = $value;
                }
            }

            if (($listener instanceof PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff) === true) {
                $tokens = $listener->register();
                if (is_array($tokens) === false) {
                    $msg = "Sniff $listenerClass register() method must return an array";
                    throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception($msg);
                }

                foreach ($tokens as $token) {
                    if (isset($this->_tokenListeners['file'][$token]) === false) {
                        $this->_tokenListeners['file'][$token] = array();
                    }

                    if (in_array($listener, $this->_tokenListeners['file'][$token], true) === false) {
                        $this->_tokenListeners['file'][$token][] = $listener;
                    }
                }
            } else if (($listener instanceof PHP_CodeSniffer_MultiFileSniff) === true) {
                $this->_tokenListeners['multifile'][] = $listener;
            }
        }//end foreach

    }//end populateTokenListeners()


    /**
     * Get a list of files that will be processed.
     *
     * If passed directories, this method will find all files within them.
     * The method will also perform file extension and ignore pattern filtering.
     *
     * @param string  $paths A list of file or directory paths to process.
     * @param boolean $local If true, only process 1 level of files in directories
     *
     * @return array
     * @throws Exception If there was an error opening a directory.
     * @see    shouldProcessFile()
     */
    public function getFilesToProcess($paths, $local=false)
    {
        $files = array();

        foreach ($paths as $path) {
            if (is_dir($path) === true) {
                if ($local === true) {
                    $di = new DirectoryIterator($path);
                } else {
                    $di = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path));
                }

                foreach ($di as $file) {
                    // Check if the file exists after all symlinks are reolved.
                    $filePath = realpath($file->getPathname());
                    if ($filePath === false) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (is_dir($filePath) === true) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if ($this->shouldProcessFile($file->getPathname()) === false) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    $files[] = $file->getPathname();
                }//end foreach
            } else {
                if ($this->shouldIgnoreFile($path) === true) {
                    continue;
                }

                $files[] = $path;
            }//end if
        }//end foreach

        return $files;

    }//end getFilesToProcess()


    /**
     * Checks filtering rules to see if a file should be checked.
     *
     * Checks both file extension filters and path ignore filters.
     *
     * @param string $path The path to the file being checked.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function shouldProcessFile($path)
    {
        // Check that the file's extension is one we are checking.
        // We are strict about checking the extension and we don't
        // let files through with no extension or that start with a dot.
        $fileName  = basename($path);
        $fileParts = explode('.', $fileName);
        if ($fileParts[0] === $fileName || $fileParts[0] === '') {
            return false;
        }

        // Checking multi-part file extensions, so need to create a
        // complete extension list and make sure one is allowed.
        $extensions = array();
        array_shift($fileParts);
        foreach ($fileParts as $part) {
            $extensions[implode('.', $fileParts)] = 1;
            array_shift($fileParts);
        }

        $matches = array_intersect_key($extensions, $this->allowedFileExtensions);
        if (empty($matches) === true) {
            return false;
        }

        // If the file's path matches one of our ignore patterns, skip it.
        if ($this->shouldIgnoreFile($path) === true) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;

    }//end shouldProcessFile()


    /**
     * Checks filtering rules to see if a file should be ignored.
     *
     * @param string $path The path to the file being checked.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function shouldIgnoreFile($path)
    {
        foreach ($this->ignorePatterns as $pattern) {
            if (is_array($pattern) === true) {
                // A sniff specific ignore pattern.
                continue;
            }

            $replacements = array(
                             '\\,' => ',',
                             '*'   => '.*',
                            );

            $pattern = strtr($pattern, $replacements);
            if (preg_match("|{$pattern}|i", $path) === 1) {
                return true;
            }
        }//end foreach

        return false;

    }//end shouldIgnoreFile()


    /**
     * Run the code sniffs over a single given file.
     *
     * Processes the file and runs the PHP_CodeSniffer sniffs to verify that it
     * conforms with the standard. Returns the processed file object, or NULL
     * if no file was processed due to error.
     *
     * @param string $file     The file to process.
     * @param string $contents The contents to parse. If NULL, the content
     *                         is taken from the file system.
     *
     * @return PHP_CodeSniffer_File
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If the file could not be processed.
     * @see    _processFile()
     */
    public function processFile($file, $contents=null)
    {
        if ($contents === null && file_exists($file) === false) {
            throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception("Source file $file does not exist");
        }

        $filePath = realpath($file);
        if ($filePath === false) {
            $filePath = $file;
        }

        // Before we go and spend time tokenizing this file, just check
        // to see if there is a tag up top to indicate that the whole
        // file should be ignored. It must be on one of the first two lines.
        $firstContent = $contents;
        if ($contents === null && is_readable($filePath) === true) {
            $handle = fopen($filePath, 'r');
            if ($handle !== false) {
                $firstContent  = fgets($handle);
                $firstContent .= fgets($handle);
                fclose($handle);
            }
        }

        if (strpos($firstContent, '@codingStandardsIgnoreFile') !== false) {
            // We are ignoring the whole file.
            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
                echo 'Ignoring '.basename($filePath).PHP_EOL;
            }

            return null;
        }

        try {
            $phpcsFile = $this->_processFile($file, $contents);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $trace = $e->getTrace();

            $filename = $trace[0]['args'][0];
            if (is_object($filename) === true
                && get_class($filename) === 'PHP_CodeSniffer_File'
            ) {
                $filename = $filename->getFilename();
            } else if (is_numeric($filename) === true) {
                // See if we can find the PHP_CodeSniffer_File object.
                foreach ($trace as $data) {
                    if (isset($data['args'][0]) === true && ($data['args'][0] instanceof PHP_CodeSniffer_File) === true) {
                        $filename = $data['args'][0]->getFilename();
                    }
                }
            } else if (is_string($filename) === false) {
                $filename = (string) $filename;
            }

            $error = 'An error occurred during processing; checking has been aborted. The error message was: '.$e->getMessage();

            $phpcsFile = new PHP_CodeSniffer_File(
                $filename,
                $this->listeners,
                $this->allowedFileExtensions,
                $this->ruleset,
                $this
            );

            $this->addFile($phpcsFile);
            $phpcsFile->addError($error, null);
        }//end try

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_INTERACTIVE === false) {
            return $phpcsFile;
        }

        /*
            Running interactively.
            Print the error report for the current file and then wait for user input.
        */

        $reporting = new PHP_CodeSniffer_Reporting();
        $cliValues = $this->cli->getCommandLineValues();

        // Get current violations and then clear the list to make sure
        // we only print violations for a single file each time.
        $numErrors = null;
        while ($numErrors !== 0) {
            $filesViolations = $this->getFilesErrors();
            $this->files     = array();

            $numErrors = $reporting->printReport(
                'full',
                $filesViolations,
                $cliValues['showSources'],
                null,
                $cliValues['reportWidth']
            );

            if ($numErrors === 0) {
                continue;
            }

            echo '<ENTER> to recheck, [s] to skip or [q] to quit : ';
            $input = fgets(STDIN);
            $input = trim($input);

            switch ($input) {
            case 's':
                break;
            case 'q':
                exit(0);
                break;
            default:
                // Repopulate the sniffs because some of them save their state
                // and only clear it when the file changes, but we are rechecking
                // the same file.
                $this->populateTokenListeners();
                $phpcsFile = $this->_processFile($file, $contents);
                break;
            }
        }//end while

        return $phpcsFile;

    }//end processFile()


    /**
     * Process the sniffs for a single file.
     *
     * Does raw processing only. No interactive support or error checking.
     *
     * @param string $file     The file to process.
     * @param string $contents The contents to parse. If NULL, the content
     *                         is taken from the file system.
     *
     * @return PHP_CodeSniffer_File
     * @see    processFile()
     */
    private function _processFile($file, $contents)
    {
        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
            $startTime = time();
            echo 'Processing '.basename($file).' ';
            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
                echo PHP_EOL;
            }
        }

        $phpcsFile = new PHP_CodeSniffer_File(
            $file,
            $this->_tokenListeners['file'],
            $this->allowedFileExtensions,
            $this->ruleset,
            $this
        );
        $this->addFile($phpcsFile);
        $phpcsFile->start($contents);

        // Clean up the test if we can to save memory. This can't be done if
        // we need to leave the files around for multi-file sniffs.
        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_INTERACTIVE === false
            && empty($this->_tokenListeners['multifile']) === true
        ) {
            $phpcsFile->cleanUp();
        }

        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 0) {
            $timeTaken = (time() - $startTime);
            if ($timeTaken === 0) {
                echo 'DONE in < 1 second';
            } else if ($timeTaken === 1) {
                echo 'DONE in 1 second';
            } else {
                echo "DONE in $timeTaken seconds";
            }

            $errors   = $phpcsFile->getErrorCount();
            $warnings = $phpcsFile->getWarningCount();
            echo " ($errors errors, $warnings warnings)".PHP_EOL;
        }

        return $phpcsFile;

    }//end _processFile()


    /**
     * Gives collected violations for reports.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getFilesErrors()
    {
        $files = array();
        foreach ($this->files as $file) {
            $files[$file->getFilename()]
                = array(
                   'warnings'    => $file->getWarnings(),
                   'errors'      => $file->getErrors(),
                   'numWarnings' => $file->getWarningCount(),
                   'numErrors'   => $file->getErrorCount(),
                  );
        }

        return $files;

    }//end getFilesErrors()


    /**
     * Generates documentation for a coding standard.
     *
     * @param string $standard  The standard to generate docs for
     * @param array  $sniffs    A list of sniffs to limit the docs to.
     * @param string $generator The name of the generator class to use.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function generateDocs($standard, array $sniffs=array(), $generator='Text')
    {
        if (class_exists('PHP_CodeSniffer_DocGenerators_'.$generator, true) === false) {
            throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception('Class PHP_CodeSniffer_DocGenerators_'.$generator.' not found');
        }

        $class     = "PHP_CodeSniffer_DocGenerators_$generator";
        $generator = new $class($standard, $sniffs);

        $generator->generate();

    }//end generateDocs()


    /**
     * Returns the PHP_CodeSniffer file objects.
     *
     * @return array(PHP_CodeSniffer_File)
     */
    public function getFiles()
    {
        return $this->files;

    }//end getFiles()


    /**
     * Gets the array of PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff's.
     *
     * @return array(PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff)
     */
    public function getSniffs()
    {
        return $this->listeners;

    }//end getSniffs()


    /**
     * Gets the array of PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff's indexed by token type.
     *
     * @return array()
     */
    public function getTokenSniffs()
    {
        return $this->_tokenListeners;

    }//end getTokenSniffs()


    /**
     * Takes a token produced from <code>token_get_all()</code> and produces a
     * more uniform token.
     *
     * Note that this method also resolves T_STRING tokens into more descrete
     * types, therefore there is no need to call resolveTstringToken()
     *
     * @param string|array $token The token to convert.
     *
     * @return array The new token.
     */
    public static function standardiseToken($token)
    {
        if (is_array($token) === false) {
            $newToken = self::resolveSimpleToken($token);
        } else {
            switch ($token[0]) {
            case T_STRING:
                // Some T_STRING tokens can be more specific.
                $newToken = self::resolveTstringToken($token);
                break;
            case T_CURLY_OPEN:
                $newToken = array(
                             'code'    => T_OPEN_CURLY_BRACKET,
                             'content' => $token[1],
                             'type'    => 'T_OPEN_CURLY_BRACKET',
                            );
                break;
            default:
                $newToken = array(
                             'code'    => $token[0],
                             'content' => $token[1],
                             'type'    => token_name($token[0]),
                            );
                break;
            }//end switch
        }//end if

        return $newToken;

    }//end standardiseToken()


    /**
     * Converts T_STRING tokens into more usable token names.
     *
     * The token should be produced using the token_get_all() function.
     * Currently, not all T_STRING tokens are converted.
     *
     * @param string|array $token The T_STRING token to convert as constructed
     *                            by token_get_all().
     *
     * @return array The new token.
     */
    public static function resolveTstringToken(array $token)
    {
        $newToken = array();
        switch (strtolower($token[1])) {
        case 'false':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_FALSE';
            break;
        case 'true':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_TRUE';
            break;
        case 'null':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_NULL';
            break;
        case 'self':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_SELF';
            break;
        case 'parent':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_PARENT';
            break;
        default:
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_STRING';
            break;
        }

        $newToken['code']    = constant($newToken['type']);
        $newToken['content'] = $token[1];

        return $newToken;

    }//end resolveTstringToken()


    /**
     * Converts simple tokens into a format that conforms to complex tokens
     * produced by token_get_all().
     *
     * Simple tokens are tokens that are not in array form when produced from
     * token_get_all().
     *
     * @param string $token The simple token to convert.
     *
     * @return array The new token in array format.
     */
    public static function resolveSimpleToken($token)
    {
        $newToken = array();

        switch ($token) {
        case '{':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_OPEN_CURLY_BRACKET';
            break;
        case '}':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_CLOSE_CURLY_BRACKET';
            break;
        case '[':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_OPEN_SQUARE_BRACKET';
            break;
        case ']':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_CLOSE_SQUARE_BRACKET';
            break;
        case '(':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_OPEN_PARENTHESIS';
            break;
        case ')':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_CLOSE_PARENTHESIS';
            break;
        case ':':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_COLON';
            break;
        case '.':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_STRING_CONCAT';
            break;
        case '?':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_INLINE_THEN';
            break;
        case ';':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_SEMICOLON';
            break;
        case '=':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_EQUAL';
            break;
        case '*':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_MULTIPLY';
            break;
        case '/':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_DIVIDE';
            break;
        case '+':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_PLUS';
            break;
        case '-':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_MINUS';
            break;
        case '%':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_MODULUS';
            break;
        case '^':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_POWER';
            break;
        case '&':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_BITWISE_AND';
            break;
        case '|':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_BITWISE_OR';
            break;
        case '<':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_LESS_THAN';
            break;
        case '>':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_GREATER_THAN';
            break;
        case '!':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_BOOLEAN_NOT';
            break;
        case ',':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_COMMA';
            break;
        case '@':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_ASPERAND';
            break;
        case '$':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_DOLLAR';
            break;
        case '`':
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_BACKTICK';
            break;
        default:
            $newToken['type'] = 'T_NONE';
            break;
        }//end switch

        $newToken['code']    = constant($newToken['type']);
        $newToken['content'] = $token;

        return $newToken;

    }//end resolveSimpleToken()


    /**
     * Returns true if the specified string is in the camel caps format.
     *
     * @param string  $string      The string the verify.
     * @param boolean $classFormat If true, check to see if the string is in the
     *                             class format. Class format strings must start
     *                             with a capital letter and contain no
     *                             underscores.
     * @param boolean $public      If true, the first character in the string
     *                             must be an a-z character. If false, the
     *                             character must be an underscore. This
     *                             argument is only applicable if $classFormat
     *                             is false.
     * @param boolean $strict      If true, the string must not have two captial
     *                             letters next to each other. If false, a
     *                             relaxed camel caps policy is used to allow
     *                             for acronyms.
     *
     * @return boolean
     */
    public static function isCamelCaps(
        $string,
        $classFormat=false,
        $public=true,
        $strict=true
    ) {
        // Check the first character first.
        if ($classFormat === false) {
            if ($public === false) {
                $legalFirstChar = '[_][a-z]';
            } else {
                $legalFirstChar = '[a-z]';
            }
        } else {
            $legalFirstChar = '[A-Z]';
        }

        if (preg_match("|^$legalFirstChar|", $string) === 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // Check that the name only contains legal characters.
        $legalChars = 'a-zA-Z0-9';
        if (preg_match("|[^$legalChars]|", substr($string, 1)) > 0) {
            return false;
        }

        if ($strict === true) {
            // Check that there are not two captial letters next to each other.
            $length          = strlen($string);
            $lastCharWasCaps = $classFormat;

            for ($i = 1; $i < $length; $i++) {
                $ascii = ord($string{$i});
                if ($ascii >= 48 && $ascii <= 57) {
                    // The character is a number, so it cant be a captial.
                    $isCaps = false;
                } else {
                    if (strtoupper($string{$i}) === $string{$i}) {
                        $isCaps = true;
                    } else {
                        $isCaps = false;
                    }
                }

                if ($isCaps === true && $lastCharWasCaps === true) {
                    return false;
                }

                $lastCharWasCaps = $isCaps;
            }
        }//end if

        return true;

    }//end isCamelCaps()


    /**
     * Returns true if the specified string is in the underscore caps format.
     *
     * @param string $string The string to verify.
     *
     * @return boolean
     */
    public static function isUnderscoreName($string)
    {
        // If there are space in the name, it can't be valid.
        if (strpos($string, ' ') !== false) {
            return false;
        }

        $validName = true;
        $nameBits  = explode('_', $string);

        if (preg_match('|^[A-Z]|', $string) === 0) {
            // Name does not begin with a capital letter.
            $validName = false;
        } else {
            foreach ($nameBits as $bit) {
                if ($bit === '') {
                    continue;
                }

                if ($bit{0} !== strtoupper($bit{0})) {
                    $validName = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        return $validName;

    }//end isUnderscoreName()


    /**
     * Returns a valid variable type for param/var tag.
     *
     * If type is not one of the standard type, it must be a custom type.
     * Returns the correct type name suggestion if type name is invalid.
     *
     * @param string $varType The variable type to process.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function suggestType($varType)
    {
        if ($varType === '') {
            return '';
        }

        if (in_array($varType, self::$allowedTypes) === true) {
            return $varType;
        } else {
            $lowerVarType = strtolower($varType);
            switch ($lowerVarType) {
            case 'bool':
                return 'boolean';
            case 'double':
            case 'real':
                return 'float';
            case 'int':
                return 'integer';
            case 'array()':
                return 'array';
            }//end switch

            if (strpos($lowerVarType, 'array(') !== false) {
                // Valid array declaration:
                // array, array(type), array(type1 => type2).
                $matches = array();
                $pattern = '/^array\(\s*([^\s^=^>]*)(\s*=>\s*(.*))?\s*\)/i';
                if (preg_match($pattern, $varType, $matches) !== 0) {
                    $type1 = '';
                    if (isset($matches[1]) === true) {
                        $type1 = $matches[1];
                    }

                    $type2 = '';
                    if (isset($matches[3]) === true) {
                        $type2 = $matches[3];
                    }

                    $type1 = self::suggestType($type1);
                    $type2 = self::suggestType($type2);
                    if ($type2 !== '') {
                        $type2 = ' => '.$type2;
                    }

                    return "array($type1$type2)";
                } else {
                    return 'array';
                }//end if
            } else if (in_array($lowerVarType, self::$allowedTypes) === true) {
                // A valid type, but not lower cased.
                return $lowerVarType;
            } else {
                // Must be a custom type name.
                return $varType;
            }//end if
        }//end if

    }//end suggestType()


    /**
     * Get a list of all coding standards installed.
     *
     * Coding standards are directories located in the
     * CodeSniffer/Standards directory. Valid coding standards
     * include a Sniffs subdirectory.
     *
     * @param boolean $includeGeneric If true, the special "Generic"
     *                                coding standard will be included
     *                                if installed.
     * @param string  $standardsDir   A specific directory to look for standards
     *                                in. If not specified, PHP_CodeSniffer will
     *                                look in its default location.
     *
     * @return array
     * @see isInstalledStandard()
     */
    public static function getInstalledStandards(
        $includeGeneric=false,
        $standardsDir=''
    ) {
        $installedStandards = array();

        if ($standardsDir === '') {
            $standardsDir = dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer/Standards';
        }

        $di = new DirectoryIterator($standardsDir);
        foreach ($di as $file) {
            if ($file->isDir() === true && $file->isDot() === false) {
                $filename = $file->getFilename();

                // Ignore the special "Generic" standard.
                if ($includeGeneric === false && $filename === 'Generic') {
                    continue;
                }

                // Valid coding standard dirs include a standard class.
                $csFile = $file->getPathname().'/ruleset.xml';
                if (is_file($csFile) === true) {
                    // We found a coding standard directory.
                    $installedStandards[] = $filename;
                }
            }
        }

        return $installedStandards;

    }//end getInstalledStandards()


    /**
     * Determine if a standard is installed.
     *
     * Coding standards are directories located in the
     * CodeSniffer/Standards directory. Valid coding standards
     * include a Sniffs subdirectory.
     *
     * @param string $standard The name of the coding standard.
     *
     * @return boolean
     * @see getInstalledStandards()
     */
    public static function isInstalledStandard($standard)
    {
        $standardDir  = dirname(__FILE__);
        $standardDir .= '/CodeSniffer/Standards/'.$standard;
        if (is_file($standardDir.'/ruleset.xml') === true) {
            return true;
        } else {
            // This could be a custom standard, installed outside our
            // standards directory.
            $ruleset = rtrim($standard, ' /\\').DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml';
            if (is_file($ruleset) === true) {
                return true;
            }

            // Might also be an actual ruleset file itself.
            // If it has an XML extension, let's at least try it.
            if (is_file($standard) === true
                && substr(strtolower($standard), -4) === '.xml'
            ) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;

    }//end isInstalledStandard()


    /**
     * Get a single config value.
     *
     * Config data is stored in the data dir, in a file called
     * CodeSniffer.conf. It is a simple PHP array.
     *
     * @param string $key The name of the config value.
     *
     * @return string
     * @see setConfigData()
     * @see getAllConfigData()
     */
    public static function getConfigData($key)
    {
        $phpCodeSnifferConfig = self::getAllConfigData();

        if ($phpCodeSnifferConfig === null) {
            return null;
        }

        if (isset($phpCodeSnifferConfig[$key]) === false) {
            return null;
        }

        return $phpCodeSnifferConfig[$key];

    }//end getConfigData()


    /**
     * Set a single config value.
     *
     * Config data is stored in the data dir, in a file called
     * CodeSniffer.conf. It is a simple PHP array.
     *
     * @param string      $key   The name of the config value.
     * @param string|null $value The value to set. If null, the config
     *                           entry is deleted, reverting it to the
     *                           default value.
     * @param boolean     $temp  Set this config data temporarily for this
     *                           script run. This will not write the config
     *                           data to the config file.
     *
     * @return boolean
     * @see getConfigData()
     * @throws PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception If the config file can not be written.
     */
    public static function setConfigData($key, $value, $temp=false)
    {
        if ($temp === false) {
            $configFile = dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer.conf';
            if (is_file($configFile) === false) {
                $configFile = '@data_dir@/PHP_CodeSniffer/CodeSniffer.conf';
            }

            if (is_file($configFile) === true
                && is_writable($configFile) === false
            ) {
                $error = "Config file $configFile is not writable";
                throw new PHP_CodeSniffer_Exception($error);
            }
        }

        $phpCodeSnifferConfig = self::getAllConfigData();

        if ($value === null) {
            if (isset($phpCodeSnifferConfig[$key]) === true) {
                unset($phpCodeSnifferConfig[$key]);
            }
        } else {
            $phpCodeSnifferConfig[$key] = $value;
        }

        if ($temp === false) {
            $output  = '<'.'?php'."\n".' $phpCodeSnifferConfig = ';
            $output .= var_export($phpCodeSnifferConfig, true);
            $output .= "\n?".'>';

            if (file_put_contents($configFile, $output) === false) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        $GLOBALS['PHP_CODESNIFFER_CONFIG_DATA'] = $phpCodeSnifferConfig;

        return true;

    }//end setConfigData()


    /**
     * Get all config data in an array.
     *
     * @return string
     * @see getConfigData()
     */
    public static function getAllConfigData()
    {
        if (isset($GLOBALS['PHP_CODESNIFFER_CONFIG_DATA']) === true) {
            return $GLOBALS['PHP_CODESNIFFER_CONFIG_DATA'];
        }

        $configFile = dirname(__FILE__).'/CodeSniffer.conf';
        if (is_file($configFile) === false) {
            $configFile = '@data_dir@/PHP_CodeSniffer/CodeSniffer.conf';
        }

        if (is_file($configFile) === false) {
            return null;
        }

        include $configFile;
        $GLOBALS['PHP_CODESNIFFER_CONFIG_DATA'] = $phpCodeSnifferConfig;
        return $GLOBALS['PHP_CODESNIFFER_CONFIG_DATA'];

    }//end getAllConfigData()


}//end class

?>