diff --git a/contrib/pax_storage/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out b/contrib/pax_storage/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out
index a3818d9bf0c..f1115d738bb 100644
--- a/contrib/pax_storage/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out
+++ b/contrib/pax_storage/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out
@@ -1219,19 +1219,19 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a < ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b > ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1815 |   2400
+      2551 |   2400
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a >= ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b <= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      4801 |   1250
+      1301 |   1250
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a <= ANY (ARRAY[1, 2, 51, 52]) AND b >= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1133 |   2550
+      2651 |   2550
 (1 row)
 
 -- ALL (should not benefit from functional dependencies)
@@ -1385,19 +1385,19 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a < ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b > ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1815 |   2400
+      2551 |   2400
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a >= ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b <= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      4801 |   1250
+      1301 |   1250
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a <= ANY (ARRAY[1, 2, 51, 52]) AND b >= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1133 |   2550
+      2651 |   2550
 (1 row)
 
 -- ALL (should not benefit from functional dependencies)
@@ -1944,25 +1944,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 = a AND ''1'
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 1 AND b < ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 > a AND ''1'' > b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 0 AND b <= ''0''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 0 >= a AND ''0'' >= b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b = ''1'' AND c = 1');
@@ -1974,25 +1974,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b =
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND b < ''1'' AND c < 5');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND ''1'' > b AND 5 > c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 4 AND b <= ''0'' AND c <= 4');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 4 >= a AND ''0'' >= b AND 4 >= c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 OR b = ''1'' OR c = 1');
@@ -2085,25 +2085,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 = a AND ''1'
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 1 AND b < ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 > a AND ''1'' > b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 0 AND b <= ''0''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 0 >= a AND ''0'' >= b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b = ''1'' AND c = 1');
@@ -2115,25 +2115,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b =
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND b < ''1'' AND c < 5');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND ''1'' > b AND 5 > c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 4 AND b <= ''0'' AND c <= 4');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 4 >= a AND ''0'' >= b AND 4 >= c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 OR b = ''1'' OR c = 1');
diff --git a/src/backend/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.cpp b/src/backend/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.cpp
index 97b149d6164..7b17d7ba293 100644
--- a/src/backend/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.cpp
+++ b/src/backend/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h"
 #include "cdb/cdbvars.h"
 #include "foreign/fdwapi.h"
+#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/clauses.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
@@ -56,10 +57,13 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/partcache.h"
+#include "utils/pg_locale.h"
 
 extern bool enable_parallel;
 extern int max_parallel_workers_per_gather;
+
 }
+
 #define GP_WRAP_START                                            \
 	sigjmp_buf local_sigjmp_buf;                                 \
 	{                                                            \
@@ -2450,6 +2454,133 @@ gpdb::MakeGpPolicy(GpPolicyType ptype, int nattrs, int numsegments)
 	GP_WRAP_END;
 }
 
+size_t
+gpdb::ComputeLocaleSortKey(char *dest, size_t destsize, const char *src,
+						   size_t srclen, Oid collation)
+{
+	GP_WRAP_START;
+	{
+		if (destsize == 0)
+		{
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		// C/POSIX collation: byte order already matches sort order, just copy.
+		// Treat InvalidOid the same way (no collation info available).
+		if (!OidIsValid(collation) || lc_collate_is_c(collation))
+		{
+			size_t n = (srclen < destsize) ? srclen : destsize;
+			memcpy(dest, src, n);
+			return n;
+		}
+
+		pg_locale_t locale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collation);
+
+		// Non-deterministic collations (case/accent-insensitive ICU) don't
+		// produce a totally-ordered sort key for our purposes; bail.
+		if (locale != NULL && !locale->deterministic)
+		{
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+#ifdef USE_ICU
+		if (locale != NULL && locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+		{
+			// Best path for UTF-8 databases: ICU iterator gives us exactly
+			// the prefix we want without computing the full sort key.
+			if (GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8)
+			{
+				UCharIterator iter;
+				uint32_t state[2] = {0, 0};
+				UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+				uiter_setUTF8(&iter, src, (int32_t) srclen);
+				int32_t bsize = ucol_nextSortKeyPart(
+					locale->info.icu.ucol, &iter, state,
+					(uint8_t *) dest, (int32_t) destsize, &status);
+				if (U_FAILURE(status))
+				{
+					return 0;
+				}
+				return (size_t) bsize;
+			}
+			// Non-UTF8 ICU: skip the conversion dance; caller falls back.
+			return 0;
+		}
+#endif
+
+		// libc path: strxfrm[_l] needs a NUL-terminated input and an output
+		// buffer big enough to hold the full transform (the C standard
+		// leaves dest indeterminate if the result didn't fit). Allocate a
+		// big-enough work buffer, then copy the prefix we actually need.
+		char nullterm_stack[256];
+		char *nullterm = nullterm_stack;
+		if (srclen + 1 > sizeof(nullterm_stack))
+		{
+			nullterm = (char *) palloc(srclen + 1);
+		}
+		memcpy(nullterm, src, srclen);
+		nullterm[srclen] = '\0';
+
+		char xfrm_stack[1024];
+		char *xfrm = xfrm_stack;
+		size_t xfrm_size = sizeof(xfrm_stack);
+		size_t bsize;
+		for (;;)
+		{
+#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_T
+			if (locale != NULL && locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+			{
+				bsize =
+					strxfrm_l(xfrm, nullterm, xfrm_size, locale->info.lt);
+			}
+			else
+#endif
+			{
+				bsize = strxfrm(xfrm, nullterm, xfrm_size);
+			}
+			if (bsize < xfrm_size)
+			{
+				break;
+			}
+			// grow and retry; cap to avoid runaway allocations.
+			if (xfrm_size >= (size_t) 64 * 1024)
+			{
+				if (xfrm != xfrm_stack)
+				{
+					pfree(xfrm);
+				}
+				if (nullterm != nullterm_stack)
+				{
+					pfree(nullterm);
+				}
+				return 0;
+			}
+			if (xfrm != xfrm_stack)
+			{
+				pfree(xfrm);
+			}
+			xfrm_size = (bsize + 1 > xfrm_size * 2) ? bsize + 1
+												   : xfrm_size * 2;
+			xfrm = (char *) palloc(xfrm_size);
+		}
+
+		size_t out = (bsize < destsize) ? bsize : destsize;
+		memcpy(dest, xfrm, out);
+
+		if (xfrm != xfrm_stack)
+		{
+			pfree(xfrm);
+		}
+		if (nullterm != nullterm_stack)
+		{
+			pfree(nullterm);
+		}
+		return out;
+	}
+	GP_WRAP_END;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 uint32
 gpdb::HashChar(Datum d)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.cpp b/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.cpp
index aa23d3932a2..96c60c92bcb 100644
--- a/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.cpp
+++ b/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.cpp
@@ -2055,13 +2055,22 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::RetrieveColStats(CMemoryPool *mp,
 	CDouble distinct_remaining(0.0);
 	CDouble freq_remaining(0.0);
 
+	// PG's analyze.c writes the same attribute collation into every slot of
+	// pg_statistic for a given column, so the MCV and histogram slots always
+	// share one collation. Assert and forward a single value.
+	GPOS_ASSERT(!OidIsValid(mcv_slot.stacoll) ||
+				!OidIsValid(hist_slot.stacoll) ||
+				mcv_slot.stacoll == hist_slot.stacoll);
+	Oid att_collation = OidIsValid(mcv_slot.stacoll) ? mcv_slot.stacoll
+													 : hist_slot.stacoll;
+
 	// transform all the bits and pieces from pg_statistic
 	// to a single bucket structure
 	CDXLBucketArray *dxl_stats_bucket_array_transformed =
 		TransformStatsToDXLBucketArray(
 			mp, att_type, num_distinct, null_freq, mcv_slot.values,
 			mcv_slot.numbers, ULONG(mcv_slot.nvalues), hist_slot.values,
-			ULONG(hist_slot.nvalues));
+			ULONG(hist_slot.nvalues), att_collation);
 
 	GPOS_ASSERT(nullptr != dxl_stats_bucket_array_transformed);
 
@@ -2344,15 +2353,17 @@ CDXLBucketArray *
 CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformStatsToDXLBucketArray(
 	CMemoryPool *mp, OID att_type, CDouble num_distinct, CDouble null_freq,
 	const Datum *mcv_values, const float4 *mcv_frequencies,
-	ULONG num_mcv_values, const Datum *hist_values, ULONG num_hist_values)
+	ULONG num_mcv_values, const Datum *hist_values, ULONG num_hist_values,
+	Oid collation)
 {
 	CMDIdGPDB *mdid_atttype =
 		GPOS_NEW(mp) CMDIdGPDB(IMDId::EmdidGeneral, att_type);
 	IMDType *md_type = RetrieveType(mp, mdid_atttype);
 
 	// translate MCVs to Orca histogram. Create an empty histogram if there are no MCVs.
-	CHistogram *gpdb_mcv_hist = TransformMcvToOrcaHistogram(
-		mp, md_type, mcv_values, mcv_frequencies, num_mcv_values);
+	CHistogram *gpdb_mcv_hist =
+		TransformMcvToOrcaHistogram(mp, md_type, mcv_values, mcv_frequencies,
+									num_mcv_values, collation);
 
 	GPOS_ASSERT(gpdb_mcv_hist->IsValid());
 
@@ -2365,11 +2376,10 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformStatsToDXLBucketArray(
 		hist_freq = CDouble(1.0) - null_freq - mcv_freq;
 	}
 
-	BOOL is_text_type = mdid_atttype->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_varchar) ||
-						mdid_atttype->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_bpchar) ||
-						mdid_atttype->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_text);
-	BOOL has_hist = !is_text_type && 1 < num_hist_values &&
-					CStatistics::Epsilon < hist_freq;
+	// Text types are no longer excluded: LINT mapping is order-preserving
+	// (see ExtractLintValueFromDatum); TransformHistToOrcaHistogram drops
+	// the histogram if any bucket pair fails StatsAreLessThan.
+	BOOL has_hist = 1 < num_hist_values && CStatistics::Epsilon < hist_freq;
 
 	CHistogram *histogram = nullptr;
 
@@ -2377,8 +2387,9 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformStatsToDXLBucketArray(
 	if (has_hist)
 	{
 		// histogram from gpdb histogram
-		histogram = TransformHistToOrcaHistogram(
-			mp, md_type, hist_values, num_hist_values, num_distinct, hist_freq);
+		histogram = TransformHistToOrcaHistogram(mp, md_type, hist_values,
+												 num_hist_values, num_distinct,
+												 hist_freq, collation);
 		if (0 == histogram->GetNumBuckets())
 		{
 			has_hist = false;
@@ -2439,7 +2450,7 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformStatsToDXLBucketArray(
 CHistogram *
 CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformMcvToOrcaHistogram(
 	CMemoryPool *mp, const IMDType *md_type, const Datum *mcv_values,
-	const float4 *mcv_frequencies, ULONG num_mcv_values)
+	const float4 *mcv_frequencies, ULONG num_mcv_values, Oid collation)
 {
 	IDatumArray *datums = GPOS_NEW(mp) IDatumArray(mp);
 	CDoubleArray *freqs = GPOS_NEW(mp) CDoubleArray(mp);
@@ -2448,7 +2459,7 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformMcvToOrcaHistogram(
 	{
 		Datum datumMCV = mcv_values[ul];
 		IDatum *datum = CTranslatorScalarToDXL::CreateIDatumFromGpdbDatum(
-			mp, md_type, false /* is_null */, datumMCV);
+			mp, md_type, false /* is_null */, datumMCV, collation);
 		datums->Append(datum);
 		freqs->Append(GPOS_NEW(mp) CDouble(mcv_frequencies[ul]));
 
@@ -2481,7 +2492,8 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformMcvToOrcaHistogram(
 CHistogram *
 CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformHistToOrcaHistogram(
 	CMemoryPool *mp, const IMDType *md_type, const Datum *hist_values,
-	ULONG num_hist_values, CDouble num_distinct, CDouble hist_freq)
+	ULONG num_hist_values, CDouble num_distinct, CDouble hist_freq,
+	Oid collation)
 {
 	GPOS_ASSERT(1 < num_hist_values);
 
@@ -2495,9 +2507,9 @@ CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL::TransformHistToOrcaHistogram(
 	for (ULONG ul = 0; ul < num_buckets; ul++)
 	{
 		IDatum *min_datum = CTranslatorScalarToDXL::CreateIDatumFromGpdbDatum(
-			mp, md_type, false /* is_null */, hist_values[ul]);
+			mp, md_type, false /* is_null */, hist_values[ul], collation);
 		IDatum *max_datum = CTranslatorScalarToDXL::CreateIDatumFromGpdbDatum(
-			mp, md_type, false /* is_null */, hist_values[ul + 1]);
+			mp, md_type, false /* is_null */, hist_values[ul + 1], collation);
 		BOOL is_lower_closed, is_upper_closed;
 
 		if (min_datum->StatsAreEqual(max_datum))
diff --git a/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.cpp b/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.cpp
index 7256409eb54..7a1f2479a8e 100644
--- a/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.cpp
+++ b/src/backend/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.cpp
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateConstToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp, CMDAccessor *mda,
 	// translate gpdb datum into a DXL datum
 	CDXLDatum *datum_dxl = CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateDatumToDXL(
 		mp, md_type, constant->consttypmod, constant->constisnull,
-		constant->constlen, constant->constvalue);
+		constant->constlen, constant->constvalue, constant->constcollid);
 
 	return datum_dxl;
 }
@@ -2272,7 +2272,8 @@ CDXLDatum *
 CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateDatumToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp,
 											const IMDType *md_type,
 											INT type_modifier, BOOL is_null,
-											ULONG len, Datum datum)
+											ULONG len, Datum datum,
+											Oid collation)
 {
 	switch (md_type->GetDatumType())
 	{
@@ -2280,7 +2281,7 @@ CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateDatumToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp,
 		{
 			// generate a datum of generic type
 			return TranslateGenericDatumToDXL(mp, md_type, type_modifier,
-											  is_null, len, datum);
+											  is_null, len, datum, collation);
 		}
 		case IMDType::EtiInt2:
 		{
@@ -2322,7 +2323,7 @@ CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateGenericDatumToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp,
 												   const IMDType *md_type,
 												   INT type_modifier,
 												   BOOL is_null, ULONG len,
-												   Datum datum)
+												   Datum datum, Oid collation)
 {
 	CMDIdGPDB *mdid_old = CMDIdGPDB::CastMdid(md_type->MDId());
 	CMDIdGPDB *mdid = GPOS_NEW(mp) CMDIdGPDB(*mdid_old);
@@ -2348,7 +2349,7 @@ CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateGenericDatumToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp,
 			CMDIdGPDB(IMDId::EmdidGeneral, gpdb::GetBaseType(mdid->Oid()));
 		// base_mdid is used for text related domain types
 		lint_value = ExtractLintValueFromDatum(md_type, is_null, bytes, length,
-											   base_mdid);
+											   base_mdid, collation);
 		base_mdid->Release();
 	}
 
@@ -2593,7 +2594,8 @@ LINT
 CTranslatorScalarToDXL::ExtractLintValueFromDatum(const IMDType *md_type,
 												  BOOL is_null, BYTE *bytes,
 												  ULONG length,
-												  IMDId *base_mdid)
+												  IMDId *base_mdid,
+												  Oid collation)
 {
 	IMDId *mdid = md_type->MDId();
 	GPOS_ASSERT(CMDTypeGenericGPDB::HasByte2IntMapping(md_type));
@@ -2615,43 +2617,83 @@ CTranslatorScalarToDXL::ExtractLintValueFromDatum(const IMDType *md_type,
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		// use hash value
-		ULONG hash = 0;
-		if (is_null)
+		// We pack the first 7 bytes of an "order-aligned" prefix into a
+		// non-negative LINT, so that LINT comparison preserves the type's
+		// native ordering. The prefix bytes come from one of:
+		//   * a libc/ICU locale sort key (pg_strxfrm-equivalent) when the
+		//     column has a non-C collation
+		//   * the raw payload otherwise (C/POSIX collation, uuid, char,
+		//     name -- all byte-orderable)
+		//
+		// Trade-off: two values whose first 7 sort-key bytes coincide will
+		// collide to the same LINT, so StatsAreEqual via LINT mapping treats
+		// them as equal. This is acceptable for MCV stats and is what
+		// PG14's convert_string_to_scalar effectively does for intra-bucket
+		// interpolation as well.
+		const BYTE *payload = bytes;
+		ULONG payload_len = length;
+
+		BOOL is_varlena_string = false;
+
+		if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_uuid))
 		{
-			hash = gpos::HashValue<ULONG>(&hash);
+			// uuid: raw bytes are byte-orderable
+		}
+		else if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_name) ||
+				 (base_mdid->IsValid() &&
+				  base_mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_name)))
+		{
+			// name uses C collation in PG, raw bytes are order-correct
+			payload_len =
+				(ULONG) strnlen((const char *) bytes, (size_t) length);
+		}
+		else if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_char) ||
+				 (base_mdid->IsValid() &&
+				  base_mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_char)))
+		{
+			// char: byte-orderable
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_uuid))
-			{
-				hash = gpdb::UUIDHash((Datum) bytes);
-			}
-			else if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_bpchar) ||
-					 (base_mdid->IsValid() &&
-					  base_mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_bpchar)))
-			{
-				hash = gpdb::HashBpChar((Datum) bytes);
-			}
-			else if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_char) ||
-					 (base_mdid->IsValid() &&
-					  base_mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_char)))
-			{
-				hash = gpdb::HashChar((Datum) bytes);
-			}
-			else if (mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_name) ||
-					 (base_mdid->IsValid() &&
-					  base_mdid->Equals(&CMDIdGPDB::m_mdid_name)))
-			{
-				hash = gpdb::HashName((Datum) bytes);
-			}
-			else
+			// varlena types: text, varchar, bpchar.
+			payload = (const BYTE *) VARDATA_ANY((const void *) bytes);
+			payload_len = (ULONG) VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR((const void *) bytes);
+			is_varlena_string = true;
+		}
+
+		// For non-C collation on varlena strings, run the payload through
+		// the locale sort-key transform so the prefix orders by the
+		// actual comparison semantics rather than raw bytes. uuid/name/
+		// char are always byte-orderable and don't need this.
+		BYTE sortkey[16];
+		if (is_varlena_string && OidIsValid(collation))
+		{
+			size_t produced = gpdb::ComputeLocaleSortKey(
+				(char *) sortkey, sizeof(sortkey),
+				(const char *) payload, (size_t) payload_len, collation);
+			if (produced > 0)
 			{
-				hash = gpdb::HashText((Datum) bytes);
+				payload = sortkey;
+				payload_len = (ULONG) produced;
 			}
+			// produced == 0 means C collation (caller short-circuit) or a
+			// non-deterministic/unsupported collation; either way keep the
+			// raw payload. For C collation this is also order-correct.
+		}
+
+		LINT packed = 0;
+		const ULONG kPrefix = 7;  // leave the sign byte clear
+		ULONG take = payload_len < kPrefix ? payload_len : kPrefix;
+		for (ULONG i = 0; i < take; i++)
+		{
+			packed = (packed << 8) | (LINT) payload[i];
 		}
+		// right-pad short prefixes with zeros so shorter strings sort before
+		// longer ones that share the prefix.
+		packed <<= (kPrefix - take) * 8;
+		packed &= (LINT) 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFLL;
 
-		lint_value = (LINT) hash;
+		lint_value = packed;
 	}
 
 	return lint_value;
@@ -2669,7 +2711,8 @@ IDatum *
 CTranslatorScalarToDXL::CreateIDatumFromGpdbDatum(CMemoryPool *mp,
 												  const IMDType *md_type,
 												  BOOL is_null,
-												  Datum gpdb_datum)
+												  Datum gpdb_datum,
+												  Oid collation)
 {
 	ULONG length = md_type->Length();
 	if (!md_type->IsPassedByValue() && !is_null)
@@ -2682,7 +2725,8 @@ CTranslatorScalarToDXL::CreateIDatumFromGpdbDatum(CMemoryPool *mp,
 	GPOS_ASSERT(is_null || length > 0);
 
 	CDXLDatum *datum_dxl = CTranslatorScalarToDXL::TranslateDatumToDXL(
-		mp, md_type, gpmd::default_type_modifier, is_null, length, gpdb_datum);
+		mp, md_type, gpmd::default_type_modifier, is_null, length, gpdb_datum,
+		collation);
 	IDatum *datum = md_type->GetDatumForDXLDatum(mp, datum_dxl);
 	datum_dxl->Release();
 	return datum;
diff --git a/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/include/naucrates/statistics/CHistogram.h b/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/include/naucrates/statistics/CHistogram.h
index a67944ce697..ce4ef46bed7 100644
--- a/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/include/naucrates/statistics/CHistogram.h
+++ b/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/include/naucrates/statistics/CHistogram.h
@@ -426,10 +426,6 @@ class CHistogram : public gpos::DbgPrintMixin<CHistogram>
 	// cap the total number of distinct values (NDVs) in buckets to the number of rows
 	void CapNDVs(CDouble rows);
 
-	// is comparison type supported for filters for text columns
-	static BOOL IsOpSupportedForTextFilter(
-		CStatsPred::EStatsCmpType stats_cmp_type);
-
 	// is comparison type supported for filters
 	static BOOL IsOpSupportedForFilter(
 		CStatsPred::EStatsCmpType stats_cmp_type);
diff --git a/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CHistogram.cpp b/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CHistogram.cpp
index 14c4f5cb40b..010ad6d29a5 100644
--- a/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CHistogram.cpp
+++ b/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CHistogram.cpp
@@ -591,27 +591,21 @@ CHistogram::IsValid() const
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	if (IsHistogramForTextRelatedTypes())
+	// Monotonic bucket-bound check applies to all types since the LINT
+	// mapping is now order-preserving (see ExtractLintValueFromDatum).
+	for (ULONG bucket_index = 1; bucket_index < m_histogram_buckets->Size();
+		 bucket_index++)
 	{
-		return m_histogram_buckets->Size() == 0 ||
-			   this->ContainsOnlySingletonBuckets();
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		for (ULONG bucket_index = 1; bucket_index < m_histogram_buckets->Size();
-			 bucket_index++)
+		CBucket *bucket = (*m_histogram_buckets)[bucket_index];
+		CBucket *previous_bucket = (*m_histogram_buckets)[bucket_index - 1];
+
+		// the later bucket's lower point must be greater than or equal to
+		// earlier bucket's upper point. Even if the underlying datum does not
+		// support ordering, the check is safe.
+		if (bucket->GetLowerBound()->IsLessThan(
+				previous_bucket->GetUpperBound()))
 		{
-			CBucket *bucket = (*m_histogram_buckets)[bucket_index];
-			CBucket *previous_bucket = (*m_histogram_buckets)[bucket_index - 1];
-
-			// the later bucket's lower point must be greater than or equal to
-			// earlier bucket's upper point. Even if the underlying datum does not
-			// support ordering, the check is safe.
-			if (bucket->GetLowerBound()->IsLessThan(
-					previous_bucket->GetUpperBound()))
-			{
-				return false;
-			}
+			return false;
 		}
 	}
 	return true;
@@ -1045,22 +1039,6 @@ CHistogram::CopyHistogram() const
 	return histogram_copy;
 }
 
-BOOL
-CHistogram::IsOpSupportedForTextFilter(CStatsPred::EStatsCmpType stats_cmp_type)
-{
-	// is the scalar comparison type one of =, <>
-	switch (stats_cmp_type)
-	{
-		case CStatsPred::EstatscmptEq:
-		case CStatsPred::EstatscmptNEq:
-			return true;
-		default:
-			return false;
-	}
-}
-
-
-
 // is statistics comparison type supported for filter?
 BOOL
 CHistogram::IsOpSupportedForFilter(CStatsPred::EStatsCmpType stats_cmp_type)
diff --git a/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CStatsPredUtils.cpp b/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CStatsPredUtils.cpp
index 64bc29d99b7..04dba039257 100644
--- a/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CStatsPredUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/backend/gporca/libnaucrates/src/statistics/CStatsPredUtils.cpp
@@ -287,19 +287,13 @@ CStatsPredUtils::GetPredStats(CMemoryPool *mp, CExpression *expr)
 		CScalarConst::PopExtractFromConstOrCastConst(expr_right);
 	GPOS_ASSERT(nullptr != scalar_const_op);
 
-	CMDAccessor *md_accessor = COptCtxt::PoctxtFromTLS()->Pmda();
 	IDatum *datum = scalar_const_op->GetDatum();
-	const IMDType *datum_type = md_accessor->RetrieveType(datum->MDId());
-
-	BOOL is_text_related =
-		datum_type->IsTextRelated() && col_ref->RetrieveType()->IsTextRelated();
-	if (is_text_related &&
-		!CHistogram::IsOpSupportedForTextFilter(stats_cmp_type))
-	{
-		return GPOS_NEW(mp)
-			CStatsPredUnsupported(col_ref->Id(), stats_cmp_type);
-	}
 
+	// Text range predicates (`<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`) used to be downgraded to
+	// Unsupported here because the hash-based LINT mapping made ordering
+	// meaningless. The LINT mapping is now a locale sort-key prefix
+	// (CTranslatorScalarToDXL::ExtractLintValueFromDatum), so text ranges
+	// can use the generic filter path uniformly.
 
 	if (!CHistogram::IsOpSupportedForFilter(stats_cmp_type) ||
 		!IMDType::StatsAreComparable(col_ref->RetrieveType(), datum))
diff --git a/src/include/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.h b/src/include/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.h
index 01d7eaa8cce..3425f2a2e00 100644
--- a/src/include/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.h
+++ b/src/include/gpopt/gpdbwrappers.h
@@ -312,6 +312,12 @@ Oid GetArrayType(Oid typid);
 bool GetAttrStatsSlot(AttStatsSlot *sslot, HeapTuple statstuple, int reqkind,
 					  Oid reqop, int flags);
 
+// Compute a sort key into dest such that memcmp on the output preserves
+// varstr_cmp(src, collation). Returns bytes written (<= destsize), or 0
+// for non-deterministic collations or any failure (caller falls back).
+size_t ComputeLocaleSortKey(char *dest, size_t destsize, const char *src,
+							size_t srclen, Oid collation);
+
 // free attribute stats slot
 void FreeAttrStatsSlot(AttStatsSlot *sslot);
 
diff --git a/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.h b/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.h
index b060f4de44e..70aae5bfe27 100644
--- a/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.h
+++ b/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL.h
@@ -185,12 +185,14 @@ class CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL
 	// transform GPDB's MCV information to optimizer's histogram structure
 	static CHistogram *TransformMcvToOrcaHistogram(
 		CMemoryPool *mp, const IMDType *md_type, const Datum *mcv_values,
-		const float4 *mcv_frequencies, ULONG num_mcv_values);
+		const float4 *mcv_frequencies, ULONG num_mcv_values,
+		Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 
 	// transform GPDB's hist information to optimizer's histogram structure
 	static CHistogram *TransformHistToOrcaHistogram(
 		CMemoryPool *mp, const IMDType *md_type, const Datum *hist_values,
-		ULONG num_hist_values, CDouble num_distinct, CDouble hist_freq);
+		ULONG num_hist_values, CDouble num_distinct, CDouble hist_freq,
+		Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 
 	// histogram to array of dxl buckets
 	static CDXLBucketArray *TransformHistogramToDXLBucketArray(
@@ -200,7 +202,8 @@ class CTranslatorRelcacheToDXL
 	static CDXLBucketArray *TransformStatsToDXLBucketArray(
 		CMemoryPool *mp, OID att_type, CDouble num_distinct, CDouble null_freq,
 		const Datum *mcv_values, const float4 *mcv_frequencies,
-		ULONG num_mcv_values, const Datum *hist_values, ULONG num_hist_values);
+		ULONG num_mcv_values, const Datum *hist_values, ULONG num_hist_values,
+		Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 
 	// get partition keys and types for a relation
 	static void RetrievePartKeysAndTypes(CMemoryPool *mp, Relation rel, OID oid,
diff --git a/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.h b/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.h
index 75bbdf44833..4665d52af0d 100644
--- a/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.h
+++ b/src/include/gpopt/translate/CTranslatorScalarToDXL.h
@@ -304,12 +304,14 @@ class CTranslatorScalarToDXL
 	static CDXLDatum *TranslateDatumToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp,
 										  const IMDType *md_type,
 										  INT type_modifier, BOOL is_null,
-										  ULONG len, Datum datum);
+										  ULONG len, Datum datum,
+										  Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 
 	// translate GPDB datum to IDatum
 	static IDatum *CreateIDatumFromGpdbDatum(CMemoryPool *mp,
 											 const IMDType *md_type,
-											 BOOL is_null, Datum datum);
+											 BOOL is_null, Datum datum,
+											 Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 
 	// extract the byte array value of the datum
 	static BYTE *ExtractByteArrayFromDatum(CMemoryPool *mp,
@@ -322,7 +324,8 @@ class CTranslatorScalarToDXL
 	// extract the long int value of a datum
 	static LINT ExtractLintValueFromDatum(const IMDType *md_type, BOOL is_null,
 										  BYTE *bytes, ULONG len,
-										  IMDId *base_mdid);
+										  IMDId *base_mdid,
+										  Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 
 	// datum to oid CDXLDatum
 	static CDXLDatum *TranslateOidDatumToDXL(CMemoryPool *mp,
@@ -359,7 +362,8 @@ class CTranslatorScalarToDXL
 												 const IMDType *md_type,
 												 INT type_modifier,
 												 BOOL is_null, ULONG len,
-												 Datum datum);
+												 Datum datum,
+												 Oid collation = InvalidOid);
 };
 }  // namespace gpdxl
 #endif	// GPDXL_CTranslatorScalarToDXL_H
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/bfv_index_optimizer.out b/src/test/regress/expected/bfv_index_optimizer.out
index d2d5e812dc0..b6b6da8270d 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/bfv_index_optimizer.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/bfv_index_optimizer.out
@@ -1317,26 +1317,22 @@ insert into ao_tbl select 'abc' from generate_series(1,20) i;
 analyze ao_tbl;
 -- identical plans
 explain select * from ao_tbl where path_hash = 'ABC'; 
-                                  QUERY PLAN                                  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Gather Motion 1:1  (slice1; segments: 1)  (cost=0.00..387.96 rows=1 width=4)
-   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ao_tbl  (cost=0.00..387.96 rows=1 width=4)
-         Recheck Cond: ((path_hash)::text = 'ABC'::text)
-         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ao_idx  (cost=0.00..0.00 rows=0 width=0)
-               Index Cond: ((path_hash)::text = 'ABC'::text)
- Optimizer: Pivotal Optimizer (GPORCA)
-(6 rows)
+                                  QUERY PLAN                                   
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Gather Motion 1:1  (slice1; segments: 1)  (cost=0.00..431.00 rows=20 width=4)
+   ->  Seq Scan on ao_tbl  (cost=0.00..431.00 rows=7 width=4)
+         Filter: ((path_hash)::text = 'ABC'::text)
+ Optimizer: GPORCA
+(4 rows)
 
 explain select * from ao_tbl where 'ABC' = path_hash;
-                                  QUERY PLAN                                  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Gather Motion 1:1  (slice1; segments: 1)  (cost=0.00..387.96 rows=1 width=4)
-   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ao_tbl  (cost=0.00..387.96 rows=1 width=4)
-         Recheck Cond: ((path_hash)::text = 'ABC'::text)
-         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ao_idx  (cost=0.00..0.00 rows=0 width=0)
-               Index Cond: ((path_hash)::text = 'ABC'::text)
- Optimizer: Pivotal Optimizer (GPORCA)
-(6 rows)
+                                  QUERY PLAN                                   
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Gather Motion 1:1  (slice1; segments: 1)  (cost=0.00..431.00 rows=20 width=4)
+   ->  Seq Scan on ao_tbl  (cost=0.00..431.00 rows=7 width=4)
+         Filter: ((path_hash)::text = 'ABC'::text)
+ Optimizer: GPORCA
+(4 rows)
 
 -- Test AO partition table
 -- Dynamic index scan is disabled in AO table, so dynamic bitmap
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out
index dafbf0a28b4..96ffae4fb28 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats_ext_optimizer.out
@@ -1220,19 +1220,19 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a < ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b > ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1815 |   2400
+      2551 |   2400
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a >= ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b <= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      4801 |   1250
+      1301 |   1250
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a <= ANY (ARRAY[1, 2, 51, 52]) AND b >= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1133 |   2550
+      2651 |   2550
 (1 row)
 
 -- ALL (should not benefit from functional dependencies)
@@ -1386,19 +1386,19 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a < ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b > ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1815 |   2400
+      2551 |   2400
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a >= ANY (ARRAY[1, 51]) AND b <= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      4801 |   1250
+      1301 |   1250
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM functional_dependencies WHERE a <= ANY (ARRAY[1, 2, 51, 52]) AND b >= ANY (ARRAY[''1'', ''2''])');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-      1133 |   2550
+      2651 |   2550
 (1 row)
 
 -- ALL (should not benefit from functional dependencies)
@@ -1947,25 +1947,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 = a AND ''1'
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 1 AND b < ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 > a AND ''1'' > b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 0 AND b <= ''0''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 0 >= a AND ''0'' >= b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b = ''1'' AND c = 1');
@@ -1977,25 +1977,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b =
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND b < ''1'' AND c < 5');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND ''1'' > b AND 5 > c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 4 AND b <= ''0'' AND c <= 4');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 4 >= a AND ''0'' >= b AND 4 >= c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 OR b = ''1'' OR c = 1');
@@ -2088,25 +2088,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 = a AND ''1'
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 1 AND b < ''1''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 1 > a AND ''1'' > b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 0 AND b <= ''0''');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 0 >= a AND ''0'' >= b');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        36 |     50
+         2 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b = ''1'' AND c = 1');
@@ -2118,25 +2118,25 @@ SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 AND b =
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND b < ''1'' AND c < 5');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a < 5 AND ''1'' > b AND 5 > c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a <= 4 AND b <= ''0'' AND c <= 4');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE 4 >= a AND ''0'' >= b AND 4 >= c');
  estimated | actual 
 -----------+--------
-        85 |     50
+         5 |     50
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT * FROM check_estimated_rows('SELECT * FROM mcv_lists WHERE a = 1 OR b = ''1'' OR c = 1');