[C++][Python] AzureFileSystem can't use GetProperties with User Delegation SAS tokens

[davlee1972]

Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

Can't we substitute all GetProperties calls with the equivalent of pyarrow's get_file_info?

An Azure Storage 403 Forbidden error during a GetProperties (or GetContainerPropertiesAsFileInfo) call using a User Delegation SAS token occurs because User Delegation SAS tokens lack account-level service permissions by design. They cannot evaluate account or container-level metadata properties if the token scope is restricted to specific blobs.

Existing issue with a different proposed fix: #46085

Component(s)

C++, Python

[davlee1972]

This impacts pyarrow.dataset's ability to call write_dataset() since it checks if a directory exists beforehand..