diff --git a/airflow-core/src/airflow/cli/commands/config_command.py b/airflow-core/src/airflow/cli/commands/config_command.py
index 77b187b589991..a183297efad1b 100644
--- a/airflow-core/src/airflow/cli/commands/config_command.py
+++ b/airflow-core/src/airflow/cli/commands/config_command.py
@@ -74,11 +74,15 @@ def get_value(args):
     # providers are initialized. Theoretically Providers might add new sections and options
     # but also override defaults for existing options, so without loading all providers we
     # cannot be sure what is the final value of the option.
-    try:
-        value = conf.get(args.section, args.option)
-        print(value)
-    except AirflowConfigException:
-        pass
+
+    # Neither `except AirflowConfigException` (also swallows a failed `*_cmd` or an unreachable
+    # secrets backend) nor a `has_option()` pre-check (re-emits a deprecated option's warning,
+    # https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/40319) works here. `fallback=None` also returns
+    # before conf.get() logs "not found" to stdout, which get-value must keep clean.
+    value = conf.get(args.section, args.option, fallback=None)
+    if value is None:
+        raise SystemExit(f"The option [{args.section}/{args.option}] is not found in config.")
+    print(value)
 
 
 class ConfigParameter(NamedTuple):
diff --git a/airflow-core/tests/unit/cli/commands/test_config_command.py b/airflow-core/tests/unit/cli/commands/test_config_command.py
index 3e3913d694720..ee9ec846baf1c 100644
--- a/airflow-core/tests/unit/cli/commands/test_config_command.py
+++ b/airflow-core/tests/unit/cli/commands/test_config_command.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 from airflow.cli.commands import config_command
 from airflow.cli.commands.config_command import ConfigChange, ConfigParameter
 from airflow.configuration import conf
+from airflow.exceptions import AirflowConfigException
 
 from tests_common.test_utils.config import conf_vars
 
@@ -263,11 +264,19 @@ def test_should_not_raise_exception_when_section_for_config_with_value_defined_e
 
         config_command.get_value(self.parser.parse_args(["config", "get-value", "some_section", "value"]))
 
-    def test_should_raise_exception_when_option_is_missing(self, caplog):
-        config_command.get_value(
-            self.parser.parse_args(["config", "get-value", "missing-section", "dags_folder"])
-        )
-        assert "section/key [missing-section/dags_folder] not found in config" in caplog.text
+    def test_should_raise_exception_when_option_is_missing(self):
+        with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as ctx:
+            config_command.get_value(
+                self.parser.parse_args(["config", "get-value", "missing-section", "dags_folder"])
+            )
+        assert str(ctx.value) == "The option [missing-section/dags_folder] is not found in config."
+
+    @conf_vars({("core", "asset_manager_kwargs_cmd"): "false"})
+    def test_should_not_report_a_failed_lookup_as_a_missing_option(self):
+        with pytest.raises(AirflowConfigException, match="Cannot execute false"):
+            config_command.get_value(
+                self.parser.parse_args(["config", "get-value", "core", "asset_manager_kwargs"])
+            )
 
 
 class TestConfigLint: